History events
1348 — (3 Heshvan 5109) The bull of Pope Clement VI “Quamvis Perfidiam” was published, rejecting the claims of the populace that Jews were responsible for the plague epidemic in Europe by poisoning wells.
1487 — (9 Tishrei 5248) In Rome, the printer Joseph Ashkenazi Gunzenhauser published the Book of Job. This was part of the first edition of «Hagiographa,» accompanied by a philosophical commentary from the mathematician and astronomer Levi ben Gershom from Provence
1669 — (11th of Tishrei, 5430) Today marked a continuation of events that had begun on September 25, 1669 in what can only be described as another blood libel. ….. After a warrant had been sworn out for the arrest of Raphael Levi in the matter of the disappearance of 3 year old Christian child, the Jews of Metz (Germany) convinced him to surrender to authorities. The Jews were animated by what they sensed was a growing threat to their safety. Levi was a fifty-six year old merchant of medium height with a long, black beard who had traveled to the Levant, Italy, Germany and Holland on personal and Jewish communal business. Currently, he lived at Boulai, a village near Metz, where he was the leader of the synagogue. Levi told authorities that he come to Metz to buy a shofar for the upcoming holiday, oil, wine and fish. He arrived in Metz at 10 in the morning, left the city about one in the afternoon and arrived at Boulai by four in the afternoon. The prosecution decided that he must have seen the child around 1 p.m., grabbed him and taken him home. Of the eighteen witnesses called, five claimed to have seen a Hebrew enter the city but only one of them identified Levi as being the person they had seen. One witness “declared that he did not think” Levi “was the man he had met. Regardless, the court found Levi guilty and sentenced him to death. Levi appealed to a higher court which granted him the right to call his own witnesses. In the mean time, Levi was held in jail awaiting the determination of his final fate
1673 — (26th of Tishrei, 5434) At a conference held in Wischaw, Moravia, today, ….. between representatives of the government and of the Jews it was agreed that 250 Jewish families might return to Vienna and occupy fifty business places in the inner city on payment of 300,000 florins and the former yearly tax of 10,000 florins. In view of the hopelessly depleted treasury, the royal exchequer considered this offer a «remarkable piece of good fortune»
1892 — (5 Tishrei 5653) The Yishuv. Thousands of Jerusalem residents came out to greet the first train from Jaffa.
1917 — (10 Tishrei 5678) In Krasnoyarsk, initiated by the synagogue board, the Board of Trustees of the Jewish School, and the library commission, the Jewish Library was opened
1928 — (12th of Tishrei, 5689) Following the attempt by the police to remove the mechitza at the Wall on Yom Kippur, ….. a delegation consisting of Colonel Frederick H. Kisch, Dr. Joshua Thon, Chief Rabbis A.H. Kook and Jacob A Meir, and Mssrs. Kalvarsisky and Meyuchased met with Acting High Commissioner H.C. Luke for two hours today to discuss the need to discipline those responsible for the action taken against the worshippers and a way in which problems at the Wall could be avoided in the future. The police officials explained that they had removed the “screen” to avoid violence since the Moslems threatened to stone the Jews if the mechitzah remained in place
1940 — (23th of Elul, 5700) The Center of Jews (UHU) was founded in Slovakia to organize Jewish life. The UHU was a government apparatus to determine the fate of Jews in that country. UHU disbanded all 175 Jewish organizations in Slovakia
1941 — (5 Tishrei 5702) Shoah. 392 Jews were shot in the village of Emes in the Kalinindorf district and 12 Jews in Khorly (Kherson region). In Kremenchug, registration of Jews was conducted; there were found to be 3,500 Jews and 100 mixed families. The security police resumed their activities in Kyiv. A meeting was held where it was decided to execute all Jews in retaliation for explosions and fires in the city. In Buchach (Ternopil region), about 350 Jews were shot
1941 — (5th of Tishrei, 5702) Нolocaust. ….. The SS shot 412 men, 615 women and 581 children in Kovno all of whom were Jews described as sick people and carriers of epidemics; The Nazi began deporting approximately 2,000 Jews from Łódź and to the Chełmno extermination camp; Jews of Swieciany, Lithuania, are massacred in the nearby Polygon Woods. Several hundred young Jewish men manage to escape; In Ejszyszki, Lithuania, the killing of Jews that had begun on Rosh Hashanah came to an end. Almost four thousand Jews were killed. About 300 Lithuanians voluntarily participated in the killing «actions» undertaken by Einsatzgruppe A in the Baltic region, which annihilated about 90 percent of the Jewish population. Only 30 Jews from Ejszyszki survived the war
1942 — (15 Tishrei 5703) Shoah. Approximately 5,000 Jews were deported from Ozyeryany, Skala, Korolyuvka, Melnytsia, and Borshchiv (Ternopil region) to Belzec, specifically 813, 1625, 700, 1000, and 800; killed on the spot — 130 in Ozyeryany, 30 in Skala, and 200 in Borshchiv. In Litin (Vinnytsia region), 520 Jews were shot.
1944 — (9th of Tishrei, 5705) Нolocaust. One thousand young boys are assembled at Auschwitz in the presence of Dr. Josef Mengele. Any boy whose head does not reach a board Mengele has nailed to a post is set aside for gassing
1948 — (22th of Elul, 5708) Prime Minister Ben Gurion ….. met with his cabinet to discuss plans for the Galilee if fighting should be renewed. The Israeli cabinet decided against continuing the war with Jordan and conquering the Judea-Hebron region as well as Jerusalem thus avoiding a confrontation with Britain and leaving Israel free to confront Egypt in the south
1951 — (25 Elul 5711) The Knesset approved the budget for October-December 1951 amounting to 27,440,000 lira
1952 — (7th of Tishrei, 5713) The Jerusalem Post reported that ….. two Jews, a soldier and a farmer, were murdered by terrorist infiltrators near the Egyptian border; that a second group of urban workers who decided to return to the land, under the auspices of the town-to-the-village movement, settled in Upper Galilee, northwest of Ma¹ayan Baruch; that after more than four months of protracted negotiations, Yitzhak Kariv, a local Mizrahi Bank manager, was elected mayor of Jerusalem by a right-wing coalition
1956 — (21th of Tishrei, 5717) The IDF reprisal raid commanded by Ariel Sharon successfully attacked the Jordanian outpost at Wadi Fukin. The Jordanians lost 37 soldiers and two civilians at a cost of ten IDF dead
1973 — (29 Elul 5733) Defense Minister M. Dayan, concerned about intelligence reports on the concentration of Syrian troops at the border, visited the Golan Heights and upon returning ordered the number of tanks there to be increased from 70 to 117. Units of the 7th Armored Brigade were sent to the border.
1975 — (25 Tishrei 5736) Knesset member Menachem Begin promised the younger generation of the Herut movement that, if elected as Prime Minister of Israel, he would never allow the return of any territories.
1996 — (13 Tishrei 5757) Unrest erupted due to the opening of a tunnel at the Western Wall. Serious clashes occurred at the Tomb of Joseph in Bethlehem, where hundreds of Arafat’s police attempted to seize an IDF fortification.
2005 — (22 Elul 5765) Israeli archaeologists discovered further evidence of Jewish presence on the Temple Mount. A fragment of a seal, approximately 1 cm in size, was found with an inscription in ancient Hebrew. Such seals, made of baked clay, were used during the First Temple period (circa 6th century BCE) to secure important state documents.
2017 — (6 Tishrei 5778) A terrorist attack near the settlement of Ar Adar was carried out by an Arab from the neighboring village of Beit Surik, a father of four who had a work permit in Israel. During a check of Arab workers near the entrance to the Jewish settlement, he opened fire with a pistol from a distance of 3-4 meters at the guards and border policemen, killing three people and severely wounding another. He was shot only after that.
2024 — (23 Elul 5784) In Samaria, the ruins of the ancient synagogue of Eshtamoa, located on the territory of the Arab village of As-Samu, erupted in flames. The fire was set by Arabs who ignited the entire complex, which included not only the ancient shrine but also ongoing archaeological excavations
People
1280 — (1th of Сheshvan, 5705) Abraham ben Samuel Abulafia, a kabbalist and mystic who proclaimed himself Messiah in 1284 was released from imprisonment in Rome where he had been jailed for twenty eight days for his attempt to convert Pope Nicholas III to Judaism
1762 — (9th of Tishrei, 5523) Birthdate of Moses Schreiber, known to his own community and Jewish posterity as Moshe Sofer, also known by his main work Chasam Sofer, (trans. Seal of the Scribe and acronym for Chidushei Toras Moshe Sofer), (1762 — 1839), was one of the leading Orthodox rabbis of European Jewry in the first half of the nineteenth century
1876 — (8 Tishrei 5637) Chaim Naumovich Bograshov was born — a Zionist, a pioneer of Jewish education in Palestine. One of the founders and for a long time the director of the «Herzliya» gymnasium. He died on June 8, 1963
1889 — (1th of Tishrei, 5650) Possible birthdate of Rabbi Yisrael Abuhatzeira known as the Baba Sali ….. or the «Praying a leading Moroccan rabbi and kabbalist who was renowned for his alleged ability to work miracles through his prayers. He was one of the leaders of the Aliyah of Moroccan Jewry to Israel, which saw the transfer of nearly the entire population of that community to the Holy Land. He passed away in 1894. His burial place in Netivot, Israel has become a shrine for prayers and petitioners. The confusion about his birthdate comes from the fact that he was reportedly born on Rosh Hashanah 5650. But he is also reported to have been born in 1890. Rosh Hashanah in 1890 corresponds to 5651 on the secular calendar
1898 — (10 Tishrei 5659) D. Gershwin was born — an American composer. He died on July 11, 1937.
1900 — Gertrude Lukner was born — a German anti-fascist, Righteous Among the Nations. She died on August 31, 1995.
1915 — Gideon Hausner was born — a lawyer and political figure in Israel. He died on November 15, 1990.
1948 — Ehud Yatom was born — a statesman, member of the Knesset, head of SHABAK.
1968 — (4th of Tishrei, 5729) Israeli physician Ben Shlomo Lipman-Heilprin passed away. Born in Bialystok in 1902, he studied medicine in Germany before making Aliyah in 1934. His accomplishments were of such merit that he was the first recipient of the Israel Prize for medicine
2002 — (20th of Tishrei, 5763) On the 6th day of Sukkoth, Rabbi Zerach Warfhaftig, the native of Volkovyski who made Aliyah in 1947 passed away. Warfhatig was one of the signatories of Israel’s Declaration of Independence and served in the first 9 Knessets
2016 — (23 Elul 5776) Yosef Harmatz, one of the leaders of the group “Nakam,” established in the aftermath of World War II, passed away in Tel Aviv at the age of 92. The group consisted of about 50 Jewish partisans who sought to avenge the Holocaust