History events
-520 — (B.C.E.) On the 24th of Elul in the second year of Darius’s reign, work to restore the Temple was resumed. This happened 16 years after the start of the work, which had been interrupted by Samaritan interference
1104 — (29th of Elul, 4864) The first synagogue in Speyer was consecrated today, “eleven years after the pogrom of 1096
1348 — (28th of Tishrei, 5109) The Jews of Switzerland ….. were charged with perpetuation of the Black Death epidemic. There were riots in Bern Chilon and Zurich. Jews held at Chilion were tortured until they «confessed» to having poisoned wells in the area around Venice, Italy. Many Swiss Jews were burned to death during the riots while others were expelled from their respective cities after the violence had subsided. The Black Death was supposed to have been caused by poisoned wells and the Jews were the responsible for poisoning the wells
1451 — (25th of Tishrei, 5212) Jews of Arnhem were ordered to wear the Jew-badge by the Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa, the Cardinal for that part of Holland
1553 — (13th of Tishrei, 5314) The Talmud was confiscated and publicly burned in Rome under the auspices of Cardinal Caraffa, later to be Pope Paul IV, a rabid counter-Reformationist. The Cardinal chose this day specifically because it was Rosh Hashanah so the Jews would feel the grief more strongly. Talmud burning would spread to other parts of Italy
1731 — (2th of Tishrei, 5492) Jews were granted the right to attend fairs in Smolensk provided that they limit their transactions to wholesale business
1910 — (17th of Elul, 5670) “Ezrah,” the first Ashkenazi community organization is founded in Montevideo, Uruguay
1939 — (8th of Tishrei, 5700) Heydrich, the Chief of the Reich Central Security Office, ….. held a conference in Berlin to discuss the long-term future of Polish Jewry. During the conference, Heydrich stated that there was an ultimate plan for dealing with the Jews, the first step of which called for the concentration. He orders chiefs of Einsatzgruppen to establish, in cooperation with German civil and military authorities, Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland. He decrees that all Jewish communities in Poland and Greater Germany with populations under 500 are to be dissolved, so that deportations of Jews to urban ghettos and concentration camps can be accelerated. Further, Heydrich orders the establishment of ghetto Judenräte (Jewish councils). The main goals of the ghettoization process are to isolate Jews, force them to manufacture items for Germany, and provide easy Nazi access for murder and deportation
1941 — (29 Elul 5701) Shoah. Einsatzgruppe 11a from operational group D began the liquidation of the Jews in Mykolaiv. A Jewish pogrom occurred in Uman (Cherkasy region): several thousand Jews were herded into a prison, where many women and children died of asphyxiation. In Ivanivka, a squad from Einsatzgruppe 4a executed another 29 Jews. In Baryshivka (Kyiv region), 90 Jews were killed. The beginning of the extermination of Jews in the villages of Katerinovka and Kalinovka in Dnipropetrovsk region by a unit of the 1st SS Motorized Infantry Brigade. Over the course of 3 days, 226 people were killed.
1942 — (10 Tishrei 5703) Shoah. From Podhaytsi, Berezhany, Kozova, and Narayiv (Ternopil region), respectively 1000, 1000, 700, and 1000 Jews were transported to Belzec; on site, 50 Jews were killed in Podhaytsi and 300 in Kozova. Simultaneously, from Rohatyn, Burshyn, Bukachivtsi, and Bolshovtsi (Ivano-Frankivsk region), respectively 700, 200, 200, and 200 Jews were transported to Belzec; 300 Jews were killed on site in Rohatyn. Near Kamyanka-Strumylova (Lviv region), 2300 Jews from Kamyanka, Radekhiv, Busk, and Kholuyev were shot
1942 — (10th of Tishrei, 5703) In Dunaivtsi, Ukraine, Nazis murder 2588 Jews; Open-pit burning of bodies begins at Auschwitz in place of burial. The decision is made to dig up and burn those already buried (107,000 corpses) to prevent the fouling of ground water and to hide evidence of atrocities.
1948 — (17 Elul 5708) An article by Ilya Ehrenburg titled «Regarding a Letter» was published in the newspaper «Pravda,» which implied to Soviet Jews that Israel was created as a refuge from anti-Semitism for Jews from capitalist countries, but not from the USSR, where anti-Semitism does not exist. The article was a response from the authorities to those Jews who decided to move to Israel with its establishment.
1948 — (17 Elul 5708) By order of the temporary government, the Irgun Tzvai Leumi (LEHI) forces merged with the Israel Defense Forces
1951 — (20th of Elul, 5711) Five Israel soldiers were wounded, three of them seriously, in ambush south of the Dead Sea that was believed to have been conducted by Arab infiltrators from Jordan
1951 — (20 Elul 5711) The number of electric refrigerators produced in Israel was increased. This was announced by the company «Amcor,» the main manufacturer of this equipment in the country. 400 units had already been produced, but public demand was not met
1955 — (5th of Tishrei, 5716) As Egypt continued to contest the settling of a stable border with Israel, the IDF entered the dmz in the vicinity of Nitzana/Auja and “evicted the Egyptian military personnel stationed there” and then withdrew when the Egyptians agreed not to interfere with the setting of border markers.
1993 — (6 Tishrei 5754) The government announced a declaration of principles for interim agreements with the PLO. The essence of the agreements was mutual recognition between Israel and the PLO, the withdrawal of Israeli troops from Gaza and Jericho, and the establishment of a Palestinian autonomy. Discussion in the Knesset continued until September 23 and ended with a vote in which 61 Knesset members supported the declaration of principles, 50 voted against, and 8 abstained.
2006 — (28 Elul 5766) On the eve of the New Year according to the Jewish calendar, a new city was founded in the Negev Desert on the border with Egypt, where 15 families had already moved. The city was named «Be’er Milka.»
2008 — (21 Elul 5768) Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert announced his resignation at a Sunday government meeting. He was replaced by Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni, who was given 42 days to form a new government. She was unable to form a government, leading to the announcement of early elections.
2009 — (3 Tishrei 5770) The «Egged» company introduced a new express bus route No. 431 «Rishon Lezion – Jerusalem» and back.
2010 — (13 Tishrei 5771) A ceremonial opening of Highway No. 40—a bypass route around Be’er Sheva—took place.
2010 — (13 Tishrei 5771) A ceremonial laying of the first stone in the foundation of the Grand Canyon, the largest canyon in southern Israel, took place in Be’er Sheva.
2011 — (22 Elul 5771) Work began on the creation of the Tel Aviv Light Rail (metro).
2012 — (5 Tishrei 5772) Terrorist attack. On the border with Egypt, three militants opened fire on IDF soldiers guarding the construction of a border fence in the area of Mount Harif. In the shootout, twenty-year-old private Nathaniel Yaalomi was killed. Another soldier was seriously injured.
2014 — (26 Elul 5774) The Knesset Economic Committee approved a resolution imposing a ban on horse-drawn transport—wagons and carts—on urban and intercity roads in Israel.
2014 — (26 Elul 5774) The Population and Immigration Authority of the Ministry of Interior published data indicating that there are 8,904,373 people living in Israel.
2016 — (18 Elul 5776) The central part of the eastern branch of the Trans-Israel Highway—reconstructed Route 8565—was opened.
Рeople
1710 — (8th of Tishrei, 5471) Hodel, daughter of Moshe Kikinish of Lemberg, died a martyr’s death after falsely confessing to blood-ritual charges in order to save the lives of other Jews
1900 — Mary Whelan was born—an Israeli children’s writer. She died on May 9, 1984.
1916 — Z. Herd was born—a Soviet artist. He died on November 18, 1996.
1920 — Yakov Frenkel was born in Kyiv—a composer. He died on August 25, 1989.
1929 — Joseph Efimovich Aleshkovsky was born—a writer. He died on March 21, 2022.
1935 — Yakov Grigorievich Sinai was born—a mathematician.
1973 — (24th of Elul, 5733) The U.S. Senate confirmed Henry Kissinger as Secretary of State. Kissinger was the first Jewish person to hold the position
1975 — (16 Tishri 5736) Aliza Greenblatt, an American writer and poet in Yiddish, passed away at the age of 90.90.
2005 — (17th of Elul, 5765) The Jerusalem Post reported that Simon Wiesenthal the famed Nazi hunter who died on Tuesday at the age of 96 will be buried in Jerusalem on Friday