History events
-825 — (20th of Tishrei, 2937) The Jewish people began a 14-day celebration to dedicate the Holy Temple in Jerusalem. The Temple project was initiated by King David, and built by his son, King Solomon. Solomon’s Temple was the spiritual center of Jewish life for 410 years, until its destruction by the Babylonians in 422 BCE (As reported by Aish)
1612 — (27 Elul) In Frankfurt, Vincent Fettmilch a former pastry cook and leader of the Guilds», calling himself the «new Haman of the Jews attacked the synagogue while the community was at prayer. Although many tried to organize a defense they were soon overpowered and many took shelter in the cemetery
1656 — (10th of Tishrei, 5417) Yom Kippur services were held for the first time in Amsterdam. Neighbors thinking that they were secret Catholics reported them to the authorities and the leaders were arrested. Once it was explained that they were secret Jews rather than Papists, they were let alone and the leaders released
1846 — (27 Elul 5606) The «Tempel» Synagogue was inaugurated in Lviv
1880 — (13th of Tishrei, 5641) Sultan of Morocco grants religious liberty to Jews and Christians
1882 — (5 Tishrei 5643) From the diary of Dr. H. Hisin, one of the pioneers of settling the Land of Israel: «On the 13th, we held a meeting at which, after heated debates, it was decided: to drink no more tea and smoke no more tobacco. But in practice, of course, this is observed only by those who work. The delegates and some privileged individuals, however, do not wish to give up these habits, saying that they buy these things with their own money. But who knows—after all, they manage our funds and never give us any accounting; and besides, what ‘own money’ do they have? Today we had no breakfast; there is no bread. <…> Everyone has become nervous and irritable. <…> All these people came here with the best of intentions, parted from their families and loved ones, gave up all the comforts of life—and all of this in order to serve an ideal and begin a life of labor and freedom—and what awaited them here? Unscrupulous delegates turned them into slaves, depriving them of human dignity.»
1938 — (22 Elul 5698) Terrorist attack. Four members of the Haganah from Herzliya were killed when their boat struck an Arab mine
1943 — (18th of Elul, 5703) Two thousand Jews in Minsk, Belorussia, are deported to the Sobibór death camp; 80 are selected for forced labor and the rest are gassed; The Nazis begin the deportation of the Jews of Lida, Belorussia to the Majdanek death camp; Hitler orders the deportation of Danish Jews
1944 — (1 Tishrei 5705) Report of the NKGB of the Ukrainian SSR to the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine: «As the territory of Ukraine was being liberated, the NKGB organs of the Ukrainian SSR recorded, almost everywhere in the cities, cases of sharp anti-Semitic manifestations on the part of the local population. Recently, in a number of localities of the Ukrainian SSR, our organs have noted an increase in anti-Semitic manifestations, in some cases tending toward open pogrom-type demonstrations. Analyzing the causes giving rise to anti-Semitism and its wide spread at the present time, it should be said that at the root of this lie, first and foremost, the traces of German fascist propaganda and the propaganda of Ukrainian nationalists, which they conducted regarding Jews during the occupation. This propaganda has to a certain extent left its imprint on the population that remained in the territory of the Ukrainian SSR during the German occupation. At present, in connection with the return of citizens previously residing in Kyiv and other cities of Ukraine, including a portion of the Jewish population, anti-Semitic manifestations have been recorded with respect to them, originating mainly from persons who lived in the German-occupied territory. It has been established that the heads of certain institutions and enterprises, misunderstanding and distorting the essence of the question of selecting and training national Ukrainian cadres and staffing the state apparatus of the Ukrainian SSR with them, sometimes slide into anti-Semitic positions. Often, some heads of institutions and enterprises refuse, entirely without cause, to hire persons of Jewish nationality for ordinary work. The inconspicuous, in quantitative terms, percentage of the Jewish population in the ranks of the Red Army, compared with the number of persons of other nationalities, is used by anti-Soviet elements for various speculations, ultimately boiling down to anti-Semitic manifestations… Alongside this, it should be noted that recently, facts of a provocative nature, spread by certain elements from among persons of Jewish nationality, have been observed with increasing frequency, giving rise to anti-Semitic manifestations. We have taken measures to identify enemy agents among persons provoking anti-Semitic outbursts and spreading provocative rumors, with a view to their arrest. At the same time, we are conducting work to identify nationalist Zionist elements among the Jewish population and their anti-Soviet activities…»
1946 — (22th of Elul, 5706) One portion of Emanuel Ringelblum’s Warsaw Ghetto diary, ….. which was secretly buried by Ringelblum, was discovered in a ruined house at 68 Nowolipki Street in Warsaw. Born in 1900, Ringelblum was a trained historian having received his doctorate in 1927. He spent many years before the war working in Jewish communal activities especially with those Polish Jews who were exiled from Germany in the 1930’s. After the Warsaw Ghetto had been built Ringelbaum was head of the cultural affairs section of the underground Jewish government. He created an archive unit known as Oneg Shabbat which would turn out to be the most complete record of the life of Poland’s Jews under the Nazis. Ringelblum hid his archival treasure trove including his diaries in three large metal containers. Ringelbaum took part in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and later escaped from Trawniki labor camp. Unfortunately, his hideout was discovered and he and his family were murdered on March 7, 1944
1949 — (24th of Elul, 5709) The Israeli pound was devalued tonight to $2.80” which “put the Israeli currency on a parity with the pound sterling
1952 — (28th of Elul, 5712) The Jerusalem Post reported that a wide range of Israel-designed gowns, dresses, blouses, shirts and coats was flown to the US for a roving exhibition, arranged by the Bonds Drive, to promote Israeli exports.
1955 — (2 Tishrei 5716) A new settlement, Dimona, was established in the Negev.
1978 — (16th of Elul, 5738) Camp David Accords were signed between Egyptian president Anwar Sadat, Israeli Prime Minister, Menachem Begin and US President Jimmy Carter. The accords were based on the principal of total withdrawal for total peace including diplomatic ties, open borders, and trade relations. The agreement led to the formal peace treaty.
1988 — (7 Tishrei 5749) A conference of 60 Hebrew teachers from various cities of the country was held in Moscow. This was the time of Perestroika. The persecution of Hebrew teachers by the Soviet authorities, which had still occurred just two years earlier, had ceased.
2000 — (18 Elul 5760) The Jewish Community Center was opened in Moscow, in Maryina Roshcha.
2002 — (12 Tishrei 5763) Near Umm al-Fahm, a suicide bombing at a bus stop. One person killed, several wounded.
2006 — (25 Elul 5766) Israel. The first meeting of the governmental commission chaired by retired judge E. Winograd was held to investigate the actions of the political and security establishments during the Second Lebanon War.
2017 — (27 Elul 5777) According to tradition, on the eve of Rosh Hashanah, the Central Bureau of Statistics of Israel published data on the population. Israel’s population – 8.743 million people. 74.6% of them are Jews, 20.9% are Arabs, and 4.5% are other minorities.
2020 — (29 Elul 5780) At 14:00, a nationwide lockdown came into effect in Israel. The Jewish State became the first country in the world to reimpose a strict, comprehensive quarantine for all categories of the population (such a measure had first been introduced in the spring).
2024 — (15 Elul 5784) In Lebanon, hundreds or thousands of wireless communication devices exploded almost simultaneously. Twenty people were killed and 450 were wounded. A second technological attack on Hezbollah.
2025 — (25 Elul 5785) Terrorist attack at the Allenby Crossing on the border with Jordan. Reserve Lieutenant Colonel Yitzhak Harosh, 68, and Sergeant Oran Gershko, 20, were killed. The Arab who carried out the attack was shot dead.
2025 — (25 Elul 5785) The Ministry of Defense and Rafael Advanced Defense Systems announced the completion of testing of the Iron Beam laser air defense system, marking the final stage before its delivery to the IDF for operational deployment.
People
1346 — (1th of Tishrei, 5107) The sons Judah ben Asher “the German Talmudist who became the Rabbi at Toledo” signed an agreement similar to the one already signed by their father and their uncle regarding “the disposition of their own earnings” for charitable purposed
1758 — (15th of Elul, 5518) Rabbi Akiv Eger author of Mishnas De’Rebbi Akiva who was rabbi of Zülz, Silesia from 1749 and Pressburg from 1756 and the grandfather of Rabbi Akiva Eger passed away today.
1764 — (21th of Elul, 5524) Jonathan Eybeschütz, rabbi and author, died
1831 — (11 Tishrei 5592) Siegfried Marcus was born — inventor, creator of one of the first automobiles with a gasoline engine. Died October 30, 1898.
1839 — (10 Tishrei 5600) Moïse Schwab was born — ethnographer, translator. He translated the Jerusalem Talmud into French (11 volumes, 1871–1889). From 1868, he worked as a librarian at the National Library. Died February 8, 1918.
1879 — (1 Tishrei 5640) Meir Leibush ben Yehiel Michel (Malbim) passed away at the age of 70 — an outstanding halachic authority, rabbi, and biblical commentator
1890 — (4th of Tishrei, 5651) Benjamin Franklin Peixotto, one of the most prominent Jewish leaders of the second half of the 19th century, died of consumption today at his home in New York City
1906 — S. Kirsanov was born — poet. Died December 10, 1972.
1910 — (14 Elul 5670) Yosef Tal was born — Israeli composer. Died August 25, 2008.
1918 — I. Weitz was born — PALMACH commander, fell in the Night of the Bridges on June 17, 1946.
1920 — Selma Jeanne Cohen was born — American dancer, teacher, choreographer, and founder of a ballet journal. Died in 2005.
1934 — (9 Tishrei 5695) Anatoly Abramovich Kardash was born — writer, historian, and Holocaust researcher. Died February 16, 2014.
1990 — (28 Elul 5750) R. Leibovich was arrested in Israel — a bank robber famous throughout the country. He would burst into the teller area with a weapon, without removing his motorcycle helmet, empty the cash register, and escape on a motorcycle, which earned him the nickname «Ofnobank» (motorcycle bank). In this manner, he committed 22 robberies. Leibovich was sentenced to 20 years in prison, despite the fact that his father, a millionaire, returned the stolen money to the banks.
2007 — (6 Tishrei 5768) In Shechem (Nablus), during a battle with terrorists, IDF Staff Sergeant Ben-Tzion Haneman from an agricultural cooperative on the Golan Heights was killed.
2012 — (2 Tishrei 5773) Israeli poet, journalist, translator, and documentary filmmaker Haim Hefer passed away at the age of 86.
2025 — (25 Elul 5785) The war with Gaza. Day seven hundred and fourteen. In the southern part of the Gaza Strip, Major Omri-Hai Ben-Moshe, 26, Lieutenant Ron Arieli, 20, Lieutenant Eitan Avner Ben-Yitzhak, 22, and Lieutenant Eran Shelem, 23, were killed.