History events
-410 — (10 Tishrei 3352) BCE. The prophet Yehezkel was shown the future Temple, to be erected at the end of days, and the prophet recorded his vision in every minute detail, mentioning the dimensions and layout of the various parts of the Sanctuary.
1485 — (5 Tishrei 5246) In the cathedral of Zaragoza, the inquisitor P. de Arbués was murdered. The murder served as a pretext for the Inquisition to resume its persecution of the «New Christians» (Marranos) of the city, who held high offices, were connected by family ties to many members of the nobility, and had for a time been left in peace by the Inquisition at the behest of King Ferdinand of Aragon. At the autos-da-fé held monthly from December 1485, many of them (including senior state officials and members of influential families) were burned at the stake
1614 — (21th of Tishrei, 5375) Mass murder of Jews in Salonica, killed while returning from the Dolia market
1615 — (1th of Tishrei, 5376) Today, Shabbtai Zvi became a Muslim ….. when he was brought before the Sultan where took off his Jewish head dress, replacing it with Turkish turban. The repercussions of his conversion sent shock waves throughout the Jewish world and were to be felt for many years. Some of his followers claimed that it wasn’t really him who converted; others professed that this was the proof that he was the Messiah by going to Islam to redeem them as well. The Sultan, aware that killing Shabbtai Zvi would have made him a martyr, had «convinced» Shabbtai that converting to Islam was in his best interest
1666 — (24 Elul 5426) Sabbatai Zevi — the false messiah in whom, however, many in Europe believed as the new king of Israel — converted to Islam in Turkey
1885 — (5th of Tishrei, 5646) It was reported today that from 1847 until January of 1885, 85,000 Russian Jews and 11,000 Polish Jews had come to the United States. In the last 8 months, an additional 9,000 had arrived in America. Currently, there are 69,000 foreign born Jews living in the United States
1899 — (10 Tishrei 5660) Yishuv. Birth of Sejera
1936 — (27th of Elul, 5696) The Maccabees of Tel Aviv, soccer champions of Palestine, arrived in New York City today for a tour of North America
1938 — (18th of Elul, 5698) ….. While escorting a laborer’s cart, Alfred Asher, a Jewish policeman, was shot dead on the road between Rehovoth and Givat Brenner; Three Jews were killed when a land mine exploded under their car while they traveled on the road between Afuleh and Kirat Zion; Late in the afternoon Dr. Abraham Rosenthal, a well-known heart specialist in Jerusalem was shot dead at Ramleh while driving from Tel Aviv
1940 — (11 Elul 5700) The British authorities in the Land of Israel announced the recruitment of volunteers for four auxiliary companies. Formally, these companies were subordinate to The Royal East Kent Regiment, nicknamed the «Buffs.» Therefore, the companies formed in Eretz Yisrael received the same nickname. The companies were formed separately for Jews and for Arabs. The selection of volunteers for the Jewish companies was carried out by the Jewish Agency.
1941 — (22 Elul 5701) Shoah. The 45th Reserve Police Battalion conducted a «Jewish action» in Lyubar (Zhytomyr region) (1,379 victims). Teams of Einsatzgruppe D shot 1,975 Jews in Bereznegovatoye, Nagartav, and Romanovka (Mykolaiv region). The headquarters of the 1st SS Motorized Infantry Brigade shot another 12 Jews in Ovruch. The Jews of Mykolaiv were summoned to appear on September 16 at the Jewish cemetery for resettlement
1941 — (22nd of Elul, 5701) Nine thousand Jews were killed by the Nazis in Slonim
1942 — (3 Tishrei 5703) Shoah. In Troyanovka (Manevichi district, Volyn region), 300 Jews were shot. In the labor camps of Nemirov, Chukov, and Voronovitsa (Vinnytsia region), the elderly and children were killed.
1944 — (26 Elul 5704) By agreement between the British army and the leadership of the Jewish Yishuv in Slovakia, four agents of the Haganah organization were parachuted in. Their mission was to organize combat units from among Jewish youth and to help save the remnants of the country’s Jewish community. Upon arrival, the agents saw that there was practically nothing for them to organize. The surviving Jews had already joined units of the Slovak resistance. The agents had no choice but to join one of these units. At the end of October 1944, the unit in which the Haganah agents were serving was routed by the Germans. Three of them (Haviva Reich, Zvi Reiss, and Zvi Ben-Yosef) were taken prisoner and shot, while the fourth (Chaim Hermesh) managed to escape. The four Haganah fighters were part of a group of 32 Jewish parachutists dropped by British intelligence into occupied Europe
1948 — (10th of Elul, 5708) David Ben-Gurion met with all 64 Palmach commanding officers. ….. He explained to them why he was abolishing the Palmach National Command which had acted as an army within an army since the establishment of the IDF. Ben-Gurion was determined to see to it that there was only national military force in Israel and that it was under the control of the government. Neither the Irgun on the right nor the Palmach on the left would be allowed to undermine this goal
1948 — (10 Elul 5708) The Supreme Court of Israel begins its operations. The first President of the Court was Moshe Zamora
1948 — (10th of Elul, 5708) With the sound of shellfire from Arab artillery in the background, ….. Dr. Felix Rosenblueth, the Ministers of Justice swore in the first five justices to serve on Israel’s newly created Supreme Court. Chief Justice Moshe Smoira and Justices Rabbi Simcha Assaf, Itzhak Olshan, Moshe Dunkelblum and Schneur Zalman Cheshin covered their heads and recited the oath “to maintain fidelity to the State of Israel and its laws and not to swerve from justice but to judge people properly.” This is the first Jewish court to sit in a Jewish state since the Sanhedrin met in the days of the Second Commonwealth
1949 — (20 Elul 5709) In Lausanne, a conference ended inconclusively, during which Israel and the Arabs attempted to negotiate peace
1955 — (27 Elul 5715) The tax authority published data for the first time with the names of 115,000 taxpayers: enterprises, companies, and citizens. The largest income tax in the past year was paid by the Electric Company — about 2 million liras. The smallest (not from citizens) — from the «Hen» cinema in Tel Aviv — 28,000.
1965 — (17 Elul 5725) Opening of the Hilton Hotel in Tel Aviv.
1974 — (27 Elul 5734) Israel. An Air Force «Hercules» transport plane brought to the country from Ethiopia 12 wild asses (Equus africanus, ayyods), which had lived in Eretz-Israel in the past but were exterminated in the 19th century. The donkeys were transferred to nature reserves.
1993 — (28 Elul 5753) In Washington, the delegations of Israel and Jordan concluded a preliminary agreement on peace.
2000 — (14 Elul 5760) The choral synagogue «Zolota Roza» (Golden Rose) opened in Dnepropetrovsk
2005 — (10th of Elul, 5765) Days after the Israeli withdrawal from Gaza the Palestinian Religious Scholars Society issued a fatwa (Islamic religious decree) forbidding normalization with Israel
2006 — (21 Elul 5766) For the first time in Israel’s history, the highest judicial body was headed by a woman — Dorit Beinisch.
2008 — (14 Elul 5768) A group of 20 young people established an outpost near the settlement of Yitzhar in Samaria, on a hill overlooking the Arab village of Asira al-Qibliya. This was the settlers’ response to a terrorist attack carried out the previous day — an Arab had stabbed 9-year-old Tuvia Shtatman several times. The founders of the new outpost stated: «We want to show the Arabs that attempts to kill Jews will cost them dearly. Furthermore, we want the Arabs to understand: we are here forever.»
People
1427 — (13th of Elul, 5187) Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin, known as the Maharil (Our Teach, the Rabbi, Yaakov Levi) who was the son and pupil Moshe Levi Moelin the Rabbi of Mainz passed away today in Worms
1762 — (26 Elul 5522) In Frankfurt am Main, Rabbi Hatam Sofer (Moshe Schreiber) was born. He died in 1839
1814 — (29th of Elul, 5574) Albert Cohn, Jewish scholar and philanthropist, born
1826 — (19 Tishrei 5643) Charles Netter was born — a French businessman, public figure, and philanthropist. One of the founders and leaders of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, founder and first director of the agricultural settlement-school Mikveh-Israel. He died on October 2, 1882.
1882 — (1 Tishrei 5653) Henry Vidaver, American rabbi and poet, died at the age of 49. Together with Jacob Levinski, he authored the first condensed Jewish Bible, published in 1869. He often published Hebrew poems about Jerusalem and Jewish issues in Jewish newspapers.
1907 — Solomon Asch was born — an American psychologist. He died on February 20, 1996.
1938 — (18 Elul 5698) Terror attack. Haganah members H. Shṭurman, A. Etkin, and D. Mosinzon were killed when their car struck an Arab mine in the Beit She’an Valley.
1943 — (14 Elul 5703) Shoah. The Gestapo shot Jacob Gens, the head of the Vilna Ghetto police
1964 — (8th of Tishrei, 5725) Fifty-eight year old Vasily Grossman passed away today
2022 — (18 Elul 5782) During a clash with Arabs at the Gilboa checkpoint, Major Bar Falach was killed