History events
-3761 — (20 Cheshvan) According to some Jewish traditionalists, this corresponds to the date on which God created the World. This marks the start of the epoch of the Modern Hebrew calendar.
-353 — (21 Tishrei 3408) The second speech of the prophet Haggai about the construction of the Second Temple contains an exhortation to continue building vigorously, without being discouraged by its visible poverty and lack of resources, to restore the splendor of the first, Solomon’s Temple
1272 — (12th of Cheshvan, 5033) Pope Gregory X condemned the ritual murder libels aimed at the Jewish people. In addition, since Jews could not bear witness against Christians, he refused to accept testimony by a Christian against a Jew unless it was confirmed by another Jew
1349 — (24th of Tishrei, 5110) The Jewish population of Krems, Germany, was massacred in the Black Death riots
1555 — (22th of Tishrei, 5316) Hundreds of Jews in Cracow were killed during the Hakafot, the ritual trouping of the Torah connected with Simchat Torah
1897 — (11th of Tishrei, 5658) The Bund (Jewish Workers Party) held its first conference in Russia. It was the first Jewish Socialist party in Eastern Europe.
1941 — (16 Tishrei 5702) Shoah. «Berlin, October 7, 1941. To the Chief of Police and Security Service. Operational report on the USSR No. 106, Einsatzgruppe ‘C’. Location: Kiev. ‘Locked and empty apartments, not burned and not damaged, were made available to the population. The corresponding number of apartments became available to us due to the liquidation of about 36,000 Jews on September 29 and 30, 1941.'»
1941 — (16 Tishrei 5702) Shoah. In Uman, a call for the Jews of the city and surroundings to appear on the 8th for registration at a designated place was posted.
1941 — (16 Tishrei 5702) Shoah. In the city of Horki, Mogilev region (Belarus), the fascists shot more than 2,500 Jews.
1942 — (26 Tishrei 5703) Shoah. 2,495 Jews from Varkovichi and Ozeriany (Dubnovsky district of Rivne region) were shot.
1943 — (8 Tishrei 5704) Greek Archbishop Damaskinos ordered monasteries to provide shelter to all Jews who knocked on their doors. Damaskinos enjoyed great authority among the population; after the war, until the return of the king, he was the regent of the country.
1944 — (20 Tishrei 5705) Shoah. At the age of 34, during the uprising of Auschwitz prisoners, Chaim Zalman Gradovsky died. He worked in the Sonderkommando. He kept a secret diary to testify about his and camp life for future generations. He hid his diary in a German canteen, which was accidentally found by Soviet soldiers on March 5, 1945. In his diary, Gradovsky detailed the process of the extermination of Jews in Auschwitz.
1946 — (12th of Tishrei, 5707) The Jewish National Fund made a world-wide appeal today to Jews to contribute $20,000,000 during the upcoming Jewish year. Dr. Abraham Granowsky, chairman of the Board of Directors of the JNF said that funds contributed during the past year had made it possible for new settlements to be built in areas that extended the reach of the Yishuv
1951 — (7th of Tishrei, 5712) Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion presented his new government to the Knesset
1958 — (23 Tishrei 5719) Israel purchased 2 submarines from Great Britain.
1966 — (23 Tishrei 5727) Terrorist act. 5 residents of Jerusalem were wounded by Arabs from Jordan
1973 — (11th of Tishrei, 5734) Yom Kippur War. ….. Today “srael’s defense minister Moshe Dayan told prime minister Golda Meir to consider making preparations for the use of nuclear weapons; On the second day of the Yom Kippur War, 100 tanks arrived on Israel’s border with Syria. General Hofi, the Israeli commander on the Northern Front had requested the tanks before the fighting started. This meant that General Hofi had 170 tanks to use against 1,400 Syrian tanks; On the second day of the war the IAF lost six F-4 Phantoms over Syria during Model 5 a mission designed to knock the Syrian SAM batteries on the Gloan front – a mission that failed miserably
1973 — (11th of Tishrei, 5734) Yom Kippur War. ….. Caught by surprise and badly outnumbered, Israeli troops cling to front in the Sinai. In twenty four hours the Israeli force of 290 tanks had been reduced by two thirds. Dayan visited the Sinai front and called for a withdrawal to the Sinai passes, which he thought would be a better line of defense. General Sharon arrived with a reinforcing division and wanted to advance to the east bank of the Canal. As the generals debated, the soldiers on the ground were fighting a series of bloody holding actions. Egyptian hand held missiles were negating the edge that the Air Force and armored units had previously given the IDF
1973 — (11th of Tishrei, 5734) Yom Kippur War. ….. A discussion took place at the Prime Minister’s Office that centered on how to enlist American support at the United Nations and head off a cease-fire that would hurt Israel. Mrs. Meir suggested putting together a list of requests. Mrs. Meir rejected a suggesting that the Israelis should present U.S. secretary of state Henry Kissinger with a partial, distorted picture exaggerating Israel’s poor situation to win the Nixon administration’s support. Meir rejected the suggestion out of hand. «We should telegraph him the details; he should get the real picture,» she said. «We can’t play hide and seek with him.» Minister Yisrael Galili asked in response, «Do we sell him the fact that we’ve moved out of the populated areas?» Mrs. Meir replied, «I don’t object to us saying, there’s also risk to populated areas … I want to give him the real picture. I’m not under the impression the situation is doomed … We should tell it to him convincingly. Tonight was a bad night.
1973 — (11th of Tishrei, 5734) Yom Kippur War. On the second day of the Battle for the Valley of Tears, “Syrians forces suffered heavy losses as the outnumbered Israeli tanks and infantry fought desperately to buy time for reserves forces to reach the front lines.”
1990 — (18th of Tishrei, 5751) Israel begins handing out gas masks to its citizens as Sadam Hussein threatens to fire Scuds armed with chemical weapons on the Jewish state
1991 — (29 Tishrei 5752) The first direct flight with repatriates from Russia to Israel.
2009 — (19 Tishrei 5770) Israel. The cornerstone of a new Jewish neighborhood, Nof Zion Bet, was laid near the village of Jabel Mukaber in East Jerusalem.
2018 — (28 Tishrei 5779) Terrorist act. An Arab armed with a submachine gun opened fire on people in the Barkan industrial zone, near Ariel. Three people were injured, two of whom later died
2023 — (22th of Tishrei, 5784) Palestinian terrorists in the Gaza Strip launched massive rocket barrages at southern and central Israel this morning, combined with an assault by dozens of gunmen who infiltrated the border town of Sderot and other communities, clashing with Israel Defense Force troops killing at least 40 Israelis and injuring 779 more.
2024 — (5 Tishrei 5785) War in Gaza, operation «Northern Arrows.» Day 367. Rocket attacks from Lebanon and Gaza. Sirens sounded in Sderot and neighboring settlements, Tel Aviv, Ramat Gan, Rishon Lezion, Petah Tikva, Modiin, Rosh HaAyin, Hod Hasharon, Beit Shemesh, Kiryat Shmona, and throughout Galilee, Haifa, Akko, and Nahariya. In the battle on the Lebanese border, reserve sergeant Itai Azulay, 25 years old, and reserve ensign Aviv Magen, 43 years old, were killed. In the same battle, two soldiers were seriously wounded. About a hundred Air Force planes struck underground command centers of Hezbollah
People
1741 — (8th of Cheshvan, 5502) Eleazar of Brody, rabbi at Amsterdam, died
1879 — (20th of Tishrei, 5640) Birthdate of Leon Davidovich Bronstein, the son of wealthy Jewish farmers in the Ukraine, who became Leon Trotskky
1885 — (28 Tishrei 5646) Niels Bohr was born — Danish physicist. Died on November 18, 1962.
1915 — M. Aliger was born — poetess. Died on August 1, 1992.
1920 — Joseph Glozman was born — art historian, scientific editor of encyclopedias, poet. Died in 1993.ied in 1993
1973 — (11th of Tishrei, 5734) Yom Kippur War. Avikam Lif, Ami Elkelei, Shuki Wolfson, Avi Barber, and Zvi Afik were all taken prisoner when the F-4E Phantom Jets they were flying were shot down by Syrian Surface to Air Missiles (SAM)