History events
-1207 — (11th of Cheshvan, 2555) According to scientists from Beersheba’s Ben Gurion University who used NASA date today is the date of the eclipse which is described in the Book of Joshua as God making the sun stand still so that the Israelites could defeat the Amorites. http://www.timesofisrael.com/eclipse-stopped-the-sun-for-biblical-joshua-israeli-scientists-say/
1491 — (26th of Cheshvan, 5252) Gershon Soncino printed the first copy of “Immanuel Romi, Mahberot” (The Notebook of Imamanuel Romi) at Brescia
1759 — (9 Cheshvan 5520) A strong earthquake in the Land of Israel. 5-6 magnitude. The north of the country was especially affected: the cities of Tiberias, Safed, Sasa, Gush Halav, Acre. The earthquakes continued for another 3 months
1786 — (8th of Cheshvan, 5547) A deadly fire in the Jewish Ghetto of Verona occurred causing a great loss of life
1903 — (9th of Cheshvan, 5664) During the debate over accepting Uganda as a Jewish homeland, even on a temporary basis, the newspaper Die Welt publishes Menachem Ussishkin’s letter and Herzl’s answer. Menachem Ussishkin opposed an expedition to Uganda
1910 — (27th of Tishrei, 5671) During a pogrom known as the Shiraz Blood Libel, 12 Jews were killed, 50 more were injured and 6,000 were robbed of all their possession by a mob seeking vengeance for the baseless charge that the Jews had ritually murdered a Muslim girl
1914 — (10 Cheshvan 5675) Turkey’s entry into World War I. More than 10 thousand non-citizens of Turkey were deported. Citizens were subject to mobilization. In 1916, students of the Herzliya Gymnasium and the Teachers’ Seminary of Jerusalem who had reached the age of 19 (about 70 people) were drafted into the army and sent to military schools. In the Land of Israel, any nationalist movements were banned, and the Jewish militia that Ben-Gurion and Ben-Zvi tried to create was disbanded. They were expelled from the borders of the Empire.
1917 — (14 Cheshvan 5678) A pogrom in Myastkivtsi (Ukraine). Three groups of pogromists destroyed 30 Jewish houses and 50 shops in the center of the town.
1930 — (8 Cheshvan 5691) In order to transfer part of the Jewish population of the USSR into industry, the Soviet branch of ORT was merged with the Society for the Land Settlement of Jewish Toilers (OZET)
1941 — (9 Cheshvan 5702) Shoah. In the village of Preslav (Primorsky district of Zaporizhzhia region), 78 children from a home for the defective were killed, including 47 Jewish children. Another 882 Jews were deported from the Chisinau ghetto to Ukraine
1941 — (9th of Cheshvan, 5702) Four thousand Jews are murdered at Nesvizh, Belorussia
1943 — (1 Cheshvan 5704) In Belarus, fighters of F. Dzerzhinsky’s detachment attacked partisans from the Jewish detachment named after A. Parkhomenko, beat them, and took away their food
1948 — (27th of Tishrei, 5709) During Operation Hiram, the Carmeli Brigade successfully fulfilled it mission of thwarting counter attacks from Syria and Lebanon when it crossed into Lebanon and surged all the way to the Litani River
1952 — (11th of Cheshvan, 5713) The Jerusalem Post reported that the Jewish National Fund had been granted a six million dollar loan by the Bank of America to further settlement activities in draining the Hula region, and for land reclamation and acquisition; that work began on the 165-meter westward extension of Haifa Port’s main quay to make it accessible to the largest ship in the Mediterranean
1955 — (14 Cheshvan 5716) A meeting in Paris between Israeli Prime Minister M. Sharett and U.S. Secretary of State Dulles regarding the USSR’s sale of a large shipment of weapons to Egypt. The United States refused to sell weapons to Israel. Dulles believed that «all disputed issues should be resolved peacefully,» that «Israel should think about territorial concessions,» and that «the fate of a small country cannot depend on its armaments, but only on compliance with international agreements and on the UN.»
1955 — (14 Cheshvan 5716) A deep raid by Egyptian forces across the Negev to the Nitzana area
1956 — (25th of Cheshvan, 5717) Sinai Campaign. ….. President Eisenhower assured Ben-Gurion that the United States would not censure Israel as long as the Sinai attack was not a grab for additional territory. Ben-Gurion responded that all Israel wanted was the end of Egyptian support for the fedayeen (the name for Arab terrorists), the end of Arab economic warfare against Israel and the opening of the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping. Ben-Gurion would stick to his goals. Eisenhower would betray his promise
1956 — (25 Cheshvan 5717) Operation «Kadesh.» The Egyptian destroyer «Ibrahim al-Awal» approached the Israeli coast with the aim of shelling Haifa. During the naval battle, it was damaged by artillery fire from the guns of the destroyer «Eilat» and then boarded. The captured destroyer was taken to Haifa, where after repairs it was accepted into the Israeli Navy under the name of the destroyer «Haifa.»
1957 — (5 Cheshvan 5718) The draining of the Hula Valley swamps, which had lasted 6 years, was completed
1968 — (7th of Cheshvan, 5729) Israeli helicopter-borne Sayeret Matkal commandos carry out Operation Helem (Shock), destroying an Egyptian electric transformer station, two dams along the Nile River and a bridge. The blackout causes Nasser to cease hostilities for a few months while fortifications around hundreds of important targets are built
1977 — (18th of Cheshvan, 5738) The settlement of Mevo Dotan was founded on the West Bank by secular settlers
1987 — (7 Cheshvan 5748) Report to the Knesset by the state commission of inquiry headed by Judge Landau on the methods and rules used by the Shin Bet in conducting investigations, and discussion of this report. The commission’s decision stated that, if necessary, the use of «moderate physical pressure» as an instrument for interrogation is permissible.
1991 — (22 Cheshvan 5752) The Madrid Conference on the Arab-Israeli conflict opened under the chairmanship of the USA and USSR, with the participation of Israel, Syria, Lebanon, and a joint Jordanian-Palestinian delegation. As a diplomatic achievement of Israel, one should consider the acceptance of Israeli demands, including the non-participation of the PLO delegation and the holding of direct negotiations without preconditions. The Israeli delegation was headed at the opening of the conference by Prime Minister Y. Shamir (the other delegations by the foreign ministers of the Arab countries). During 5 rounds of negotiations (the last opened on January 28, 1993 in Moscow, already under the government of Y. Rabin), Israel refused to discuss proposals for territorial concessions; in the negotiations with the Jordanian-Palestinian delegation, it was proposed to discuss a plan for autonomy for the Arabs of Judea and Samaria. With the beginning of the Oslo process (or more precisely, when the preliminary agreements reached in Oslo were officially announced), contacts within the framework of the Madrid Conference ceased.
2008 — (1 Cheshvan 5769) Another annual IDF campaign ended, within the framework of which every citizen could return army property that had ended up in their possession for one reason or another. Weapons, ammunition, and equipment worth more than 6 million shekels were returned to arsenals and warehouses.
2020 — (12 Cheshvan 5781) The United States issued the first passport under a new policy that allowed citizens born in Jerusalem to list Israel as their country of birth. The previous position reflected the U.S. administration’s desire to refrain from defining Jerusalem as part of the Jewish state in order to maintain neutrality on a key issue of the Israeli-Arab conflict.
2023 — (15 Cheshvan 5784) War with Gaza. Day twenty-fourth. Shelling of Israel. 31-year-old reservist Yanon Fleishman was killed; an officer and another reservist were seriously wounded. Servicewoman Ori Magidish was freed from captivity. The ground operation, begun on the night of October 28, continued. IDF tank units occupied the Salah al-Din transport corridor crossing Gaza. Additional infantry, tank, artillery, and engineering-fortification units entered the territory of the sector.
2024 — (28 Tishrei 5785) Operation «Northern Arrows.» The Air Force struck fuel tanks at the bases of Hezbollah’s logistics unit in the Bekaa Valley.
2024 — (28 Tishrei 5785) The creation of a new territorial division in the east of the country was approved, which will be responsible for protecting Israel’s eastern border.
2025 — (8 Cheshvan 5786) For the thirtieth time, a festival dedicated to the olive tree and olive oil opened in the Golan Heights and Galilee. It continued until November 22 (2 Kislev)
People
1877 — (23 Cheshvan 5638) Shlomo Zalman Schocken was born — businessman, publisher, and philanthropist, organizer of the «Schocken» publishing house. Died August 21, 1959.
1891 — (28 Tishrei 5652) Moishe-Yaakov Vinnitsky was born, better known to history as the crime king of Odessa, Mishka Yaponchik. Died in 1919.
1899 — Nadezhda Mandelstam was born — writer, wife of Osip Mandelstam. Died in 1980.
1900 — Samuel Samborsky was born — Israeli physicist, winner of the Israel Prize. Died May 18, 1990.
1937 — (25 Cheshvan 5698) Claude Lelouch was born — famous film director, screenwriter, and producer.
2007 — (8 Cheshvan 5767) At the age of 66, actor Yisrael Polyakov died — a celebrated member of the comedy troupe «HaGashash HaHiver.»
2018 — (21 Cheshvan 5779) At the age of 105, legendary Israeli industrialist Eliyahu Sakharov died, who stood at the origins of the creation of the defense industry of Jewish Palestine.