History events
614 — (1th of Cheshvan, 4375) Today the fifth Council of Paris “prohibited the Jews from asking or from exercising civic or administrative rights.”
1475 — (9 Cheshvan 5236) Pope Sixtus IV, fearing that the violations of legality permitted in Trent, where a blood libel had been raised against the Jews, would damage the prestige of the Catholic Church, sent an encyclical to all the Italian states in which he demanded that Jews be protected from false accusations and violence
1854 — (18th of Tishrei, 5615) The Jewish Theological Seminary, “the first rabbinical seminary in Central Europe, opened today in Breslau
1916 — (13 Tishrei 5677) The charter of the Jewish Dramatic Society (later the Habima Theater) was approved.
1917 — (24 Tishrei 5678) In Kyiv, under the chairmanship of I. Trumpeldor, a conference of representatives of unions of Jewish soldiers began; it drafted a plan for the creation of an All-Russian Jewish self-defense (it continued for 5 days). However, the attempt by the Union of Jewish Soldiers of the Southwestern Front to organize a unified system of Jewish self-defense ended in failure; most Jewish parties did not approve of this idea, believing that its implementation would intensify pogrom sentiments.
1941 — (19 Tishrei 5702) Holocaust. At a meeting of the Nazi leadership in Prague, a decision was made to concentrate the Jews of Bohemia and Moravia in Theresienstadt, and “after their numbers had substantially decreased, to deport them to the East.” At the preliminary stage of implementing this plan, the administration of the protectorate ordered Jews living in villages and small towns to move into created ghettos in Prague, Ceske Budejovice, Kolin, Klatovy, Pardubice, Hradec Kralove, Mlada Boleslav, Trebic, Brno, Olomouc, Ostrava, and Uhersky Brod. At the end of November 1941, the first groups of deportees arrived in Theresienstadt; in addition, in November–December 1941 the Nazis sent about six thousand Jews from Prague and Brno to the ghettos of Lodz and Minsk.
1941 — (19 Tishrei 5702) Shoah. In Brusyliv (Zhytomyr region), 25 Jews were shot. In Melitopol, 49 Jewish prisoners of war. In the village of Nova Hlyna (Pishchanobrid district, Kirovohrad region), 61 Jews. The governor of Bukovina, General Calotescu, issued an order to create a ghetto in Chernivtsi (the city then had 50 thousand Jews). The Cherkasy district administration and district police issued an order to create a Jewish residential area in Cherkasy. Probably on the same day, Jews in Tsyurupinsk were shot — more than 800 people.
1942 — (29 Tishrei 5703) Shoah. The leader of Romania, Ion Antonescu, signed a decree on the deportation of 40,000 Jews living in the territory of prewar Romania to Poland, to the Belzec death camp. However, the emergency intervention of Elena, the mother of King Michael of Romania, as well as the papal nuncio and the Swiss ambassador, forced the dictator to change his plans. Already the next day, October 11, 1942, Antonescu decided to postpone the deportation. Moreover, in 1943 Antonescu allowed certain relaxations with regard to Jews deported from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to Transnistria. He permitted elderly Jews, widows, disabled veterans of the First World War, and former officers of the Romanian army to return from Transnistria.
1942 — (29 Tishrei 5703) Shoah. In the camps Lityn, Chyrykiv, and Krasnopilka (Vinnytsia region), 260, 120, and 80 Jews respectively were shot. On the same day, in all likelihood, 700 Jews from Kozyn (Rivne region) were shot. Part of the Jewish workers were taken from Kalush to Ivano-Frankivsk.
1946 — (15 Tishrei 5707) Kibbutz Nirim was founded in the Negev
1952 — (21th of Tishrei, 5013) The Jerusalem Post reported that the Palestine Conciliation Commission had announced that Israel agreed to release one million in sterling. ….. These funds belonged to Palestinian Arabs who had fled Israel during the fighting when the Arabs tried to destroy the state of Israel at the moment of its birth. The commission commented that the Israeli move was «an important step towards the settlement of the differences existing between Israel and her neighbors.» The Israelis hoped that this act of good will would help lead to a peace agreement and that the Arab states would now give the Jews who had fled such places as Iraq would now have access to the funds they had been forced to leave behind
1952 — (3 Cheshvan 5713) The Torah was published in English for the first time.
1953 — (1 Cheshvan 5714) The Masonic “National Grand Palestinian Lodge” was renamed the “Grand Lodge of the State of Israel” and became a sovereign Masonic lodge recognized throughout the world.
1955 — (24 Tishrei 5716) Emergency session of the Knesset in connection with the signing of an agreement on the supply of Czechoslovak weapons to Egypt.
1956 — (5th of Cheshvan, 5717) In response to a terrorist attack launched from Jordan on October 4 that claimed the lives of four civilians, ….. the Israeli military conducted a counter attack codenamed Operation Samaria in which the IDF attacked the Qalqilya police station at the Tegart fort. After a fierce battle the fort was blown up. 18 IDF soldiers died in the operation and 68 were injured. About 88 Jordanians were killed and 15 were wounded
1957 — (15 Tishrei 5718) In Kuwait, the organization ASHAF — PLO was formed (according to the official history of this terrorist organization). The PLO militants carried out their first attack (which ended in failure) on December 31, 1964 — an attempt to infiltrate Israeli territory to commit a terrorist act.
1965 — (14 Tishrei 5726) After 3,000 years of operation, the port of Jaffa was closed
1973 — (14th of Tishrei, 5734) Yom Kippur War ….. Fighting continued during the Yom Kippur War. A morning counter-attack launched against the Syrians drove their tanks back to line from which they had launched their sneak attack four days ago. General Elazar wanted to push on, but Defense Minister Dayan wanted to stop lest penetration towards Damascus upset the Soviets. Golda Meir sided with Elazar who made plans to attack across the old cease fire line. In the evening, Mrs. Meir addressed the nation describing Israel’s perilous position. The Soviets had armed the Arabs with all matter of modern weaponry and were re-supplying them even as Mrs. Meir spoke. She urged King Hussein not to repeat his mistake of 1967 when he joined the Egyptians and the Syrians. She said that Jews could not allow themselves “the luxury of despair.” She had but one prayer in her heart, “that this will be the last war; In an effort to relieve Israeli pressure on the Syrian front, where the IDF has gained back the southern Golan, Egyptian forces move further into the Sinai, beyond the range of their SAM umbrella which creates an opportunity for the IAF to go on the offensive
1983 — (3 Cheshvan 5744) Instead of M. Begin, who retired, Shamir became prime minister
1995 — (16th of Tishrei, 5756) As Israel turned over control of 460 West Bank villages to the Palestinian Authority, a banner flew over the village of Salfit declaring “Today Salfit, tomorrow Jerusalem.”
2002 — (4 Cheshvan 5763) Terrorist attack in Ramat Gan on bus No. 87. One killed, more than 30 wounded.
2004 — (25 Tishrei 5765) Tel Aviv and Ben Gurion Airport were linked by a railway line.
2006 — (18 Tishrei 5767) In Arad, on the runway of the airfield, car races were held in Israel for the first time, previously prohibited by law.
2010 — (2 Cheshvan 5771) A teachers’ strike began. The longest in Israel’s history. It lasted 64 days.
2010 — (2 Cheshvan 5771) In the IDF, a unit of mini-UAVs “Sky Riders” was created
2012 – Arabs destroyed over 100 olive trees near the settlement of Shiloh. (Shiloh was established in Samaria in January 1978 [or 1979].)
2023 — (25 Tishrei 5784) War with Gaza. Day four. The IDF Air Force continued to strike Gaza. Arabs from Gaza continued to shower Israel with rockets. Israel’s Ministry of Health reported approximately 2,800 casualties as a result of rocket attacks and terrorist attacks. 544 wounded were in hospitals, of whom 3 were in critical condition, 126 in serious condition. The i24 website published a report from Kfar Aza about the process of identifying and removing the bodies of dead local residents. The correspondent said that in the settlement, Arabs had killed about 40 children, including infants, some of them had been beheaded. In the settlement, a container was found with the burned bodies of Israelis, including children
People
1674 — (10th of Tishrei, 5435) David Cohen de Lara, the Haham, lexicographer and writer on ethics passed away today in Hamburg
1797 — (20th of Tishrei, 5558) Elijah ben Solomon of Wilna, the «Gaon,» died
1860 — (24 Tishrei 5621) Born the great historian of the Jewish people S. Dubnov. Died December 8, 1941 in Riga.
1860 — Names. (24 Tishrei 5621) Born Lord Reading (Rufus Isaacs, first Marquess of Reading) — the first Jew to serve as Lord Chief Justice of England. Died December 29, 1935.
1898 — (24 Tishrei 5659) Born Moisei Gildenman — partisan commander, publicist, writer. Died August 15, 1957.
1918 — (4 Cheshvan 5679) In the moshav Kfar Tavor in the Galilee, Yigal Allon was born — a statesman and military figure of Israel. Died March 1, 1980.
1930 — Born Harold Pinter — English playwright. Died in 2008.
2013 — (6th of Cheshvan, 5774) Colonel (Res.) Seraiah Ofer was killed in an attack outside his home in the Jordan Valley settlement of Brosh Habika at 10 P.M. tonight and his wife Monique was moderately wounded but managed to escape and contact police
2024 — (8 Tishrei 5785) War with Gaza. Day three hundred and seventieth. In the north of the sector, reserve Sergeant Major Tzvi Matityahu Marantz, reserve Major Netanel Gershkovich, and reserve Sergeant Major Ori Moshe Bornstein were killed. In a battle with Hezbollah terrorists in southern Lebanon, reserve Sergeant Major Roni Ganezata, 36, was killed.
2025 — (18 Tishrei 5786) War in Gaza. Day seven hundred and thirty-fifth. In the north of the sector, reserve Senior Sergeant Michael Mordechai Nachmani, 26, was killed