History events
-2104 — (27 Cheshvan 1657) The Flood ended, Noah and his family and the animals came out of the Ark. On this day, God gave them the command to settle the earth and populate it
1148 — (23 Cheshvan 4909) Anti-Jewish riots in Cordoba (Spain)
1180 — (17th Cheshvan, 4941) Maimonides completed the Mishneh Torah
1611 — (11st of Kislev, 5372) Joseph Siegel Ish Lito, published Givat ha-Moreh, the first critical discussion of the philosophy of Maimonides written in Lithuania
1826 — (7 Cheshvan 5587) A public Jewish school opened in Odessa. At first the entire student body consisted of fifty people, two months later there were already one and a half times as many, and after a year — more than two hundred, then a branch for girls opened.
1912 — (27st of Cheshvan, 5673) A Tel-Aviv magazine reported that an association had been founded to establish a new neighborhood in Jerusalem called Talipot
1917 — (22 Cheshvan 5678) Under the Central Rada of Ukraine, a ministry for Jewish affairs and the Jewish National Council were created. In January 1918, elections were held for the governing councils of the majority of Jewish communities in Ukraine, of which by that time there were about 600.
1920 — (26 Cheshvan 5681) Through the efforts of the MPS party, posters appeared in Jaffa and Tel Aviv calling on all workers of Palestine to take part in a social revolution, to have nothing more in common with the «slaves of the British bayonet,» to celebrate November 7, the anniversary of the establishment of Soviet power in Russia, and to stage a strike. The poster ended with the following appeals:
«Long live the Proletarian International on November 7.
Long live the Russian Soviet Republic.
Long live the Communist Third International.
Long live Socialist Palestine»
Three or four dozen people with a Red flag staged a demonstration in Jaffa. In 1919, a party was created in Palestine (Mifleget Poalim Sozialistim), which means «Socialist Workers’ Party,» abbreviated MPS
1937 — (3 Kislev 5698) In the Haifa area, Kibbutz Usha was founded using the «Tower and Stockade» method.
1938 — (13 Cheshvan 5699) Shoah. At the end of October 1938, the government of the Third Reich decided to expel the Jews living there who were citizens of Poland. They were allowed to take with them only what they could carry, were taken to the border and pushed into Poland. Among the exiles was the shoemaker M. Grinshpan with his family. He told about what had happened in a letter to his son Herschel, who was in Paris at that time. He decided to take revenge, appeared at the German embassy and seriously wounded the counselor E. vom Rath with a pistol. In the police, Grinshpan stated that he had decided to kill one of the embassy employees in retaliation for Germany’s attitude toward Jews. Vom Rath died two days later.
1938 — (13 Cheshvan 5699) Shoah. In an emergency evening edition of the Nazi newspaper «Völkischer Beobachter,» an editorial called for a pogrom: «The German people have drawn the necessary conclusions from your (Jewish) crime. It will not tolerate the unbearable situation. Hundreds of thousands of Jews control entire sectors of the German economy, rejoice in their synagogues, while their kinsmen in other states call for war against Germany and kill our diplomats.»
1941— (17st of Cheshvan, 5702) Нolocaust. ….. Twelve thousand Jews are transported from Minsk, Belorussia, to burial pits in the nearby Tuchinka Forest and murdered; In Bobruisk, Belorussia, 20,000 Jews are executed; More than 17,000 Jews are forced from Rovno, Ukraine, and murdered at burial pits in the Sosenki Forest, outside of town; Close to 5000 Jews are killed in Pogulanka, outside Dvinsk, Latvia
1941 — (17 Cheshvan, 5702) Shoah. The beginning of the destruction of the Bobruisk ghetto (according to some information it began on November 6). In the village of Kamenka, 9 km from Bobruisk, 5,281 people were shot on November 7-8, 1941. According to other data, 10,000 (possibly some number were shot near the village of Kiselevich). This was not the first shooting. In July, 250 Jews were shot there as well
1941 — (17 Cheshvan 5702) Shoah. In Kryukov (Poltava region) 124 Jews were shot. In Nemirov (Vinnitsa region) — 2,680 Jews. In Gornostaypol and Dymer (Kiev region), as well as in Oster (Chernigov region) — 385, 120 and 30 Jews respectively. In Novgorod-Seversky (Chernigov region), a unit of the 1st SS Motorized Infantry Brigade shot all the local Jews. The deportation to the East, to the Odessa region, of Jews from Kamenka-on-the-Dniester began. The deportation to the Vinnitsa region of Jews from the Dorohoi district (Romania) began; in total 9 thousand people were deported. In the «Odessa Newspaper» an order was published by the Romanian occupation authorities for all Jewish men aged 18–50 still in the city to report to prison
1941 — (17 Cheshvan, 5702) Shoah. Sonderkommando 4a under the command of SS Standartenführer Paul Blobel and forces of the local Ukrainian auxiliary police killed 335 Jews of the Ukrainian city of Nizhyn and along with them 218 captured Red Army soldiers of Jewish nationality
1948 — (5st of Cheshvan, 5709) War for independence. Egyptian forces retreat from Majdal and take refuge in Gaza, leaving IDF forces in control of this portion of the Mediterranean coast
1948 — (5 Cheshvan 5709) The PALMACH headquarters was disbanded
1949 — (15 Cheshvan 5710) Israeli Prime Minister D. Ben-Gurion spoke in the Knesset with a review of the government’s activities. Main directions: security, absorption of new immigrants, formation of a unified nation
1956 — (3th of Kislev, 5717) During the Sinai Campaign, Prime Minister David Ben Gurion ….. responded to Eisenhower’s demand for an immediate end to the fighting and the immediate withdrawal of the IDF from the Sinai Peninsula. Israel was prepared to stop fighting immediately, abide by the UN Cease Fire Resolution and advance no further. But Israel would only withdraw from the Sinai with appropriate assurances. The Israelis wanted an end to terror raids from Gaza, the opening of the Straits of Tiran and end to Egyptian restrictions on the use of the Suez Canal by ships stopping at Israel’s ports
1965 — (12th Cheshvan, 5726) A Fatah cell that infiltrated from Jordan blew up a house in Moshav Givat Yeshayahu, south of Beit Shemesh
1969 — (26 Cheshvan 5730) Supreme Court Justice Z. Berenson permitted Sabbath television broadcasts. In connection with this decision, passions seethed in Israel for a long time. The MAFDAL party was against it, Prime Minister G. Meir supported it, the television leadership threatened to resign. Minister without Portfolio Y. Galili was on the side of the television people. When he left on a business trip abroad, G. Meir banned the broadcasts, and those who advocated for them again turned to the court.
1978 — (7 Cheshvan 5739) For the first time in Israel, direct elections to local authorities were held
2006 — (16 Cheshvan 5767) The IDF operation «Autumn Clouds» to combat Arab «rocket men» of Gaza ended. The army left Beit Hanoun, which it had entered on November 1. Over 6 days, more than 40 militants were killed in the city.
2023 — (23 Cheshvan 5784) War with Gaza. Day thirty-two. The night — the first during the entire period of military operations during which not a single shelling from Gaza was recorded. In the evening, another mass shelling of central Israel, rocket attacks on the Golan Heights and Upper Galilee from Hezbollah. Reserve Senior Lieutenant Yaakov Ozeri was killed in the Gaza Strip. Three servicemen were seriously wounded
2024 — (6 Cheshvan 5785) The IDF announced the end of the campaign to vaccinate Gaza children against polio. In cooperation with the WHO and UNICEF, 1,107,541 children were vaccinated
2024 — (6 Cheshvan 5785) At a plenary session of the Knesset, in the second and third readings, a law was passed allowing the deportation of terrorists’ relatives.
2024 — (6 Cheshvan 5785) In Amsterdam, after a Europa League football match «Ajax»-«Maccabi» (Tel Aviv), Arab gangs attacked fans from Israel, about 10 people were injured. Arabs roamed the streets, stopped people and checked whether they spoke Dutch or Arabic. If they were tourists, they were forced to show documents, demanding proof that they were not Israelis. If they refused, they were beaten. The El Al company sent two emergency flights to Amsterdam to evacuate Israelis. Then, in coordination with the Dutch government, the Israel Defense Forces sent its own planes. In total, at least six planes departed. The National Security Headquarters published recommendations for Israelis in Amsterdam: avoid appearing on the street, lock yourself in a hotel room, do not display Jewish or Israeli symbols ….
People
1532 — (29th Cheshvan, 5293) Solomon Molcho, Marrano Kabbalist and mystic, was burned at the stake
1573 — (12th of Kislev, 5334) Solomon Luria, known as the Maharshal, passed away. A famed Talmudic scholar, he believed in a plain, lucid approach to study. Two of his commentaries were Yam Shel Shlomo (The Sea of Solomon) and Chokmat Shel Shomo (The Wisdom of Solomon)
1687 — (12th of Kislev, 5448) Philosopher and poet Isaac (Balthazar) Orobio de Castro past away
1707 — (12th of Cheshvan) Rabbi Israel ben Aaron Jaffe of Shklov, leading kabbalist and author of Or Yisrael, passed away today
1713 — (29 Cheshvan 5474) Yechezkel ben Yehuda Landau was born — rabbi, spiritual leader of the Jewish communities of Bohemia. Died April 29, 1793
1839 — Hermann Levi was born — German conductor. Died May 13, 1900
1876 — Eva Lvovna Broido was born — revolutionary, active figure of the Menshevik party. Shot by the NKVD on September 15, 1941
1878 (11 Cheshvan 5639) — Abraham Isaiah Karelitz was born — rabbi, one of the outstanding experts in Torah of the 20th century. Died in 1953 in Bnei Brak.
1878 — Lise Meitner was born — physicist and radiochemist, professor at the University of Berlin. Died October 27, 1968.
1879 — (21 Cheshvan 5640) According to the new style, L. Trotsky was born — revolutionary. Killed in Mexico on August 21, 1940
1884 — Mordechai Nurock was born in Latvia — Israeli statesman. Member of the Knesset. Died November 8, 1962
1886 — (9st of Cheshvan, 5647) Birthdate of Aron Nimzowitch, the Riga, Latvia and world class chess master known for his innovative strategies who passed away in Denmark in 1935
1886 — M. Aldanov was born — writer. Died February 25, 1957
1899 — (5 Kislev 5660) Dm. Pokrass was born — composer. Died December 20, 1978
1899 — Yitzhak Lamdan was born — Israeli poet, publicist. Died November 17, 1954.
1917 — (22 Cheshvan 5678) L. Kerbel was born — sculptor. Died August 14, 2003.
1929 — (4 Cheshvan 5690) Eric Kandel was born — American psychiatrist, Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine
1944 — (21st of Cheshvan, 5705) Chana (or Hannah) Senesh (Szenes) was executed in Budapest, by the Nazis