History events
9 — (11 Kislev 3770) Titus Flavius Vespasian was born — Roman emperor, father of Titus, who destroyed the Second Temple during the Jewish War. He died on 24 June 79.
331 — (1 Kislev 4092) Julian the Apostate was born — Roman emperor. In a special message to the “Jewish community” (363 CE), expressing his sympathy for the Jews, Julian announced his intention to rebuild the “holy city of Jerusalem” at his own expense and to visit it personally upon his return from the Persian campaign (but Julian fell in battle against the Persians)
1278 — (30th of Cheshvan, 5039) Edward I of England arrested all the Jews for alleged coin clipping and counterfeiting. ….. 680 were arrested, jailed and put on trial. The judges were given prior instructions clearly biased against the Jews. Although many Christians were accused, many more (ten times as many) Jews were hanged than Christians (269 Jews and 29 Christians). Edward received 16,500 pounds from the property of the executed Jews and the fines of those charged. At that time Jews comprised 1% of the English population. 16,500 pounds was almost 10% of the exchequer’s national income
1888 — (13 Kislev 5649) A decree was issued dissolving the committee for the examination of the Jewish question in all its entirety (see 19 October 1881).
1937 — (13 Kislev 5698) The struggle for the Beit She’an Valley. The Arabs strenuously opposed Jewish settlement of the valley, but initially limited themselves to isolated murders. I. Shpanov, a resident of the settlement Nir David, was shot dead. The first major attack took place only on 28 February 1938. The Beit She’an Valley is of strategic importance: it connects the Harod Valley with the Jezreel Valley. Roads from Jordan to the sea pass through Beit She’an.
1938 — (23 Heshvan 5699) On this day, decisions of the Haganah Central Command on organizational matters were signed — a document on the path toward a full charter of the organization. The document elaborated the structure of the Haganah. A sector, with its own budget, taxes, and mobilization quota, was defined as the administrative and operational organizational unit. Seven sectors were listed: the Jerusalem Sector; the Southern Sector from Rishon LeZion to the Negev; the Tel Aviv Sector; the Samaria Sector from Herzliya to Zichron Yaakov; the Haifa Sector; the Valleys Sector; and the Northern Sector — settlements of the Jordan Valley and Galilee.
1938 — (23 Heshvan 5699) Yishuv. The moshav Geulim was founded using the “Tower and Stockade” method.
1941 — (27th of Cheshvan, 5702) Eight Jews executed for going outside the Warsaw ghetto without permission. Six were women
1942 — (8th of Kislev, 5703) The headline in today’s edition of Haaretz announced that «The Eretz-Israeli residents that have been exchanged have arrived from the Reich.» ….. According to the Jewish daily, “There’s been much commotion at the Afula station in preparation for the arrival of 114 women and children, relatives of Eretz-Israeli and British residents, who’ve come from Germany. They were exchanged for German women and children from Eretz Israel, who were allowed to travel to Germany»
1943 — (19 Heshvan 5704) Violating a censorship ban, newspapers described the clash at kibbutz Ramat HaKovesh (see 16 November). The British administration shut down all newspapers for 11 days. It attempted to create its own newspaper, “Hadashot HaYom” (“News of the Day”), but residents declared a boycott and demonstratively burned copies
1946 — (23th of Cheshvan, 5707) As part of growing wave of terror caused by Britain failing to honor its war time promise to allow Jewish immigration to Eretz Israel and increasing repressive measure aimed at the Jews of the Yishuv, four British policemen were killed when their truck was blown up outside Tel Aviv
1949 — (25 Heshvan 5710) Jaffa Road in Jerusalem was renamed Herzl Boulevard
1949 — (25th of Cheshvan, 5710) The first of the military’s dead – the remains of those who fought in Latrun, in Kfar Etzion and the Convoy of 35, along with those buried in Sheikh Bader – some 300 people in all – were buried in a communal grave in the military cemetery on Mt. Herzl
1956 — (13 Kislev 5717) Israel. Operation “Tushiya” (Resourcefulness) — the transport to Israel of the Jews of Port Said. Within 24 hours, the entire community of the city, which had been occupied by French troops, was assembled at the port, where they boarded Israeli vessels disguised as Italian ones.
1958 — (5 Kislev 5719) Terrorist attack. Syrian Arabs killed the wife of the British Air Attaché in Israel, who was staying at the guesthouse of an Italian monastery on the Mount of Beatitudes.
1967 — (14 Heshvan 5728) A memorandum from KGB Chairman Andropov on the growth of national self-awareness among Soviet Jews: “Over the past 2–3 years, the Jewish autumn religious holidays held in synagogues have been attracting large numbers of citizens of Jewish nationality.”
1977 — (7th of Kislev, 5738) Egyptian President Sadat formally accepts invitation to visit Israel. This is the start of a historic process that will result in the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel
1998 — (28 Heshvan 5759) Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu informed the Knesset of the signing of the Wye Agreement in the United States (see 23 October 1998). The Knesset approved the memorandum by a vote of 75 in favor, 19 against, and 9 abstentions.
2008 — (19 Heshvan 5769) Israel. A search team began work to locate potential natural gas deposits in the Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of Haifa, in the so-called “Tamar-1” area. Operations were conducted 90 km from shore and at a depth of 1,600 m (see 12 January 2009).
2011 — (20 Heshvan 5772) For the first time in half a century, the Hula painted frog was discovered in the Hula Valley in Israel. In 1996, it had been officially declared extinct
2012 — (3th of Kislev, 5773) The Iron Dome intercepted two Iranian-made Fajr-5 missiles aimed at Tel Aviv today
2023 — (4 Kislev 5784) The war with Gaza. Day 42. Fierce fighting in the center of Gaza City and to the west and south of the city. Border settlements and Gush Dan were shelled from Gaza. Northern Israel was shelled from Lebanon. IAF fighter jets attacked sources of fire, a weapons depot, a Hezbollah military building, and a terrorist group detected near the Israeli Bedouin village of Arab al-Aramsha. In one of the buildings near Shifa Hospital, the body of 19-year-old Corporal Noa Marciano, who had been abducted on 7 October, was found. Military medics and rabbis identified her and brought the body to Israel. Ten fuel tankers carrying 150,000 liters of diesel entered the Gaza Strip through the Rafah crossing. The Israeli government allowed this purportedly at the request of the United States and purportedly to prevent the collapse of the sewage system in Gaza, which could trigger outbreaks of epidemics. Some ministers of the Israeli government sharply criticized the decision to allow fuel into Gaza
People
1720 — (27th of Cheshvan, 5481) Rabbi Jehiel Michel Teimer, author of Seder Gittin passed away today
1864 — (18th of Cheshvan, 5625) Simḥah Pinsker, Hebrew author, died
1922 — Ralph Benjamin was born — British electrical engineer, creator of the first predecessor of the computer mouse. He died on 17 May 2019.
1946 — (23 Heshvan 5707) Nehemia Tamari was born in Ein Harod — Major General of the Israel Defense Forces, participant in Operations “Tarnegol-53” and “Entebbe.” He was killed on 12 January 1994
1969 — (7th of Kislev, 5730) An F-4E Phantom Jet manned by Ehud Hankin and Shaul Levi fell victim to Jordanian anti-aircraft fire
2002 — (12th of Kislev, 5763) Abba Eban passed away
2024 — (16 Heshvan 5785) The war with Gaza. Day 408. In combat in the northern part of the Gaza Strip, Captain Yogev Pazi, aged 32, and Staff Sergeant Noam Eitan, aged 21, were killed