History events
1210 — (13 Cheshvan 4971) During the reign of King John, by order of his brother Richard, a large part of the Jews of England were arrested with a demand to pay a huge ransom of 66,000 pounds. Abraham of Bristol refused to pay his share of 1,000 pounds. Then the king ordered his teeth to be pulled out one by one until the unfortunate man gave everything he had
1290 — (26th of Cheshvan, 5051) Final expulsion of the Jews from England. ….. On July 18, 1290, Edward I (England) pressured by his barons, the Church, and possibly his mother, announced the expulsion of all the Jews. By November approximately 4000 had fled. The Jews had to pay their own passage, mostly to France. They were allowed to take movables (i.e. clothing). A number of Jews were robbed and cast overboard during the voyage by the ship captains. The Jews did not return to England until 1659. This was the first national expulsion of the Jews. England was one of the only centralized and national monarchies of that time
1349 — (19th of Cheshvan, 5110) Duke of Brabant ordered the execution of all Jews in Brussels. He accused them of poisoning the wells
1504 — (24th of Cheshvan, 5265) The most important and unfortunate decree was that made by King Vladislav today: “ …and we grant to the citizens the favour that neither we nor future kings of Bohemia will bring more Jews into this city, as the Jews have been given to your city by our forefathers for your benefit. We therefore confirm in writing and with our royal powers in Bohemia that your city and its citizens have the right to expel the Jews from your city whenever you like without any hindrance from our side or from future kings of Bohemia.”
1858 — (24 Cheshvan 5619) Jews of Siberia were permitted to transfer from state peasants to the petty bourgeoisie
1921 — (30th of Tishrei, 5682) Hadoar, the first Hebrew daily Hebrew paper published in the United States appeared for the first time
1923 — (22 Cheshvan 5684) An agreement was signed between the government of the RSFSR and the American Joint Distribution Committee «Joint» on allocating them 2 million dollars for the free distribution of food among Jews.
1927 — (6 Cheshvan 5688) In the Land of Israel, the Palestine pound was introduced as currency instead of the Egyptian one, divided not into shillings but into 1000 mils.
1927 — (6 Cheshvan 5688) In the Land of Israel, the first satirical theater in Hebrew, «Kumkum,» was created (according to other sources, May 1)
1930 — (10th of Cheshvan, 5681) A demonstration was held in Jerusalem to protest the White Paper on British Policy in Palestine
1936 — (16th of Cheshvan, 5697) Нolocaust. It was reported today that the most recent victims of the anti-Semitic campaign are the Jewish apothecaries who effective October 1 were all compelled to lease or sell their establishments and retire from the business” while Jews no longer are employed in drug stores because they were “discharged by the order of the Reich Druggist Leader
1938 — (7 Cheshvan 5699) In Israel, after noon, work of the entire population was stopped. Rallies were held calling for joining the self-defense forces. A collection of donations for its needs took place, in particular jewelry. All banks that day were open until late in the evening, accepting donations for defense.
1938 — (7 Cheshvan 5699) Shoah. Polish border guards allowed into Polish territory Polish Jews who had lived in Germany and were deported by Hitler’s order over the course of 2 days. The deportation began on October 27; on the 29th people were brought to the border, and for another 3 days they remained in the neutral zone, since Polish border guards did not want to let them in.
1941 — (11 Cheshvan 5702) Shoah. In Konotop (Sumy region), 153 Jews were shot. The Jewish council in Lviv issued 109,000 food cards to the Jews of the city for the month of November
1942 — (21th of Cheshvan, 5703) Нolocaust. The Nazis completed the murder of the Jews of Pinsk, Russia, begun on October 29. As of this date there are reportedly no more Jews left alive in the city
1942 — (21 Cheshvan 5703) After Rommel’s defeat at El Alamein, many in the Land of Israel thought that there was no longer the same need for the activity of PALMAH that had arisen during the initial successes of the Germans in Africa, and keeping thousands of young people under arms was costly. On November 1, an agreement was signed between the settlements and the PALMAH headquarters, according to which each PALMAH platoon in a settlement had to first work a full month, and then 14.5 days in each following month, with the rest of the time devoted to training. The agreement was sharply criticized by the fighters; they were not eager to work, and many even decided to leave the movement. The command needed a great deal of effort to persuade the disappointed.
1942 — (21 Cheshvan 5703) Shoah. In Kamenets-Podolsky, more than 4,000 Jews were shot, and another 500 Jews fled. In Luhansk, a Sonderkommando shot 1,800 Jews from the city and its surroundings. A Romanian gendarmerie post in Mostove (Odesa region) detained 90 Jews who had fled from Poland; the Jews were handed over to an SS unit in the village of Rashtadt, which shot them. Of the 230 Jews remaining in Kosiv (Ivano-Frankivsk region) (including 60 «legal» ones), some were killed on the spot and some were driven to Kolomyia. The Jewish labor camp in Nadvirna (Ivano-Frankivsk region) was liquidated: the Jews were taken to Ivano-Frankivsk. The Jewish council in Lviv issued 29,000 food cards to the Jews of the city for the month of November
1945 — (25 Cheshvan 5706) «Night of the Trains» — a PALMAH attack on the railways and ports of Palestine, and police patrols. Fifty PALMAH groups entered battle in all corners of the country. Railway lines were damaged in 153 places. Fighters of ETZEL and LEHI penetrated the central railway depot of Lod and carried out sabotage. Two British policemen, 4 workers, and one attacker were killed. PALMAH demolition men blew up 3 patrol boats in the ports of Haifa and Jaffa
1948 — (29th of Tishrei, 5709) The exodus of Turkish Jews came to…a halt today when new instructions were issued to the Istanbul police that no further visas for Israel should be issued and that the police were…to consider void all passports previously issued to Jews of Turkish nationality wanting to emigrate to Israel
1950 — (21th of Cheshvan, 5711) Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion formed his second government today with a political coalition that included the United Religious Front
1951 — (2 Cheshvan 5712) After lengthy discussions in the Israeli government, on the initiative of the first Minister of Transport, David Remez, on uniting all public transport companies into one all-Israeli cooperative, «Eged,» «Shahar,» and «Drom Yehuda» merged into a cooperative which received the name ESHED (an abbreviation of the initial letters of the names of the three cooperatives). A few months after this merger, it was decided to return to the original name «Eged,» which had been given by the poet Chaim Nachman Bialik
1956 — (27th of Cheshvan, 5717) During the Sinai Campaign, Israeli forces fought a bitter battle with Egyptians in order to take control of Rafa at the entrance to the Gaza Strip which was a base for fedayeen; A car in which members of Kibbutz Erez were travelling hit a mine laid by fedayeen killing three of the passengers
1964 — (26 Cheshvan 5725) Israel. Colonel Israel Tal took command of the country’s armored forces. His predecessor, Lieutenant General David Elazar, was appointed to the post of commander of the Northern Military District
1968 — (10th of Cheshvan, 5729) The day after Operation Shock, IAF jets took photographs over Upper Egypt revealing that seven of the nine transformers had been destroyed or severely damaged, that Cairo’s southern suburbs were disconnected from the electrical system and that the Qena Bridge was irreparably damaged
1977 — (20 Cheshvan 5738) The settlement of Neve Tzuf (Halamish) was founded in Samaria.
1984 — (6 Cheshvan 5745) Operation «Moses» began to bring 14,000 Jews — Falashas — to the country from Ethiopia and Sudan
1988 — (21th of Cheshvan, 5749) Over 79 per cent of the eligible Israelis (2.3 million voters) turned out to participate in the elections for the 12th Knesset
2004 — (17 Cheshvan 5765) The third terminal of Ben Gurion Airport opened for passengers.
2005 — (29 Tishrei 5766) The United Nations approved Israel’s proposal to proclaim January 27 (the day of the liberation of Auschwitz) as World Holocaust Remembrance Day (Shoah).
2006 — (10 Cheshvan 5667) A two-day festival «Piano Hosts Guests» opened in Tel Aviv.
2006 — (10 Cheshvan 5767) Another large-scale operation of the Defense Army in Gaza began, called «Autumn Clouds.» The goal is to stop rocket fire from the sector.
2006 — (10 Cheshvan 5767) Sergeant First Class of the Israel Defense Forces Kirill Golenshin died in Gaza at the very beginning of Operation «Autumn Clouds.»
2009 — (14 Cheshvan 5770) Storm in Israel. Over the weekend, an average of about 70 mm of precipitation fell. It lasted two days. The level of Lake Kinneret rose by 5 cm.
2010 — (24 Cheshvan 5771) In the office of the Chief of the General Staff, behind closed doors, an award ceremony was held — a serviceman of the IDF serving in one of the units of military intelligence (AMAN) was awarded the «Medal of Courage,» the third in the table of ranks of military awards in Israel. The decision to award it was made by a secret commission with the wording «For unparalleled behavior during an extremely complex operation.» The name of the recipient, his rank, and the unit in which he serves were not disclosed. The Chief of the General Staff, Gabi Ashkenazi, emphasized then that this was an operation exceptionally important for ensuring the security of the State of Israel, «carried out so brilliantly that reality pales before the flight of imagination.»
2011 — A tunnel was breached for the Jerusalem — Tel Aviv line. This completed the first stage of work on creating a high-speed rail connection between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem — a large-scale project to create a high-speed train between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.
2013 — (28th of Cheshvan, 5774) One soldier was seriously wounded and another was in moderate condition today after an IDF operation last night to destroy part of a tunnel, east of Khan Younis just inside the Gaza Strip, was targeted by Hamas
2013 — (28 Cheshvan 5774) Israel. The ceremonial opening of a new bicycle recreational path took place, which received the name «Singlet Zacharia,» in the Yishai forest in the Beit Shemesh area. This is a joint project of the Jewish National Fund (Keren Kayemeth LeIsrael) and the Beit Shemesh cycling community. «Singlet Zacharia» is a circular route; the total length of the route is 14 km.
2017 — (12 Cheshvan 5778) The Israeli Air Force struck several targets on Syrian territory. A weapons manufacturing plant and a weapons depot intended for «Hezbollah» were attacked.
2022 — (7 Cheshvan 5783) In Israel, another snap election to the 25th Knesset was held. The bloc of right-wing parties led by the «Likud» party and its leader B. Netanyahu won. The bloc received 64 seats, that is, a majority, and the opportunity for Netanyahu to form a government on his own.
2024 — (30 Tishrei 5785) War in Gaza. Day three hundred and ninety-two. Operation «Northern Arrows.» Captain Yarden Zakai, 21, died in the hospital from wounds received on September 17 in battle in the south of the Gaza Strip
People
1706 — (24th of Cheshvan) Rabbi Chaim ben Benjamin Asael of Salonika, author of Sam Hayyai, passed away
1817 — (22th of Cheshvan, 5578) Birthdate of Marseilles journalist Joseph Cohen who wrote about the Jews of Algeria and who was one of the editors of the first French Jewish weekly, «La Vérité Israélite,»
1839 — (24th of Cheshvan, 5600) Isidore Loeb, French Jewish scholar, born
1880 — Sholem Asch was born — a Yiddish poet. Died July 10, 1957
1904 — (23th of Cheshvan, 5665) Max «Kid Twist» Zwerbach, a Jewish gangster, met with Richie Fitzpatick in an attempt to decide which one of them would lead Monk Eastman Gang. During the meeting, Firzpatrick was shot to death by one of Kid Twist’s henchmen
1907 — (24 Cheshvan 5668) — Max Everitt Rosenblum was born — world professional light‑heavyweight boxing champion from 1930 to 1934, film actor, and member of the International Boxing Hall of Fame. He died on March 6, 1976
1914 — (12th of Cheshvan, 5675) Birthdate of Rabbi Moshe (Moses) Teitelbaum Chasidic Rebbe and the world leader of the Satmar Hasidim, which is believed to be the largest Chasidic community in the world, with some 100,000 followers
1959 — (30th of Tishrei, 5720) Gershon Agron mayor of Jerusalem passed away at the age of 66. Born Gershon Agronksy in the Ukraine in 1894, Agron immigrated to the United States with his parents. During World War I he served with the Jewish Legion in Palestine. In 1932, he started an English language newspaper called the Palestine Post. In 1950, for obvious reasons, he changed the name of the paper to the Jerusalem Post
2000 — (3rd of Cheshvan, 5761) Lt. David-Hen Cohen, 21, of Karmiel and Sgt. Shlomo Adshina, 20, of Kibbutz Ze’elim were killed in a shooting incident in the Al-Hader area, near Bethlehem; Maj. (res.) Amir Zohar, 34, of Jerusalem was killed in the Nahal Elisha settlement in the Jordan Valley while on active reserve duty
2004 — (17th of Cheshvan, 5765):Tatiana Ackerman, 32, of Tel Aviv, Shmuel Levy, 65, of Jaffa and Leah Levine, 64, of Givatayim were murdered and more than 30 people were injured when a 16 year old PFLP terrorist detonated a bomb this morning at the Carmel Market located at the heart of Tel Aviv’s business district
2006 — (10 Cheshvan 5767) Sergeant First Class of the Israel Defense Forces Kirill Golenshin died in Gaza at the very beginning of Operation «Autumn Clouds.»
2023 — (17 Cheshvan 5784) War with Gaza. Day twenty-six. Lieutenant Pdaya Menachem Mark, Sergeant Itai Yehuda, 20, Sergeant Shai Arvas, 20, Sergeant Roi Saragosti, 20, Lieutenant Ariel Reich, 24, Corporal Asif Luger, 21, Sergeant Adi Danan, 20, Sergeant Hallel Solomon, 20, Sergeant Erez Mishlovsky, 20, Sergeant Adi Leon, 20, Corporal Ido Ovadia, 19, Corporal Lior Siminovich, 19, Sergeant Roi Davi, 20, Sergeant Roy Wolf, 20, Sergeant Lavi Lipshitz, 20, Sergeant First Class in the reserves Shalev Zion Sharabi, 22, were killed.
2024 — (30 Tishrei 5785) War in Gaza. Day three hundred and ninety-second. Captain Yarden Zakai, 21, died in the hospital from wounds received on September 17 in battle in the south of the Gaza Strip