History events
70 — (2rd of Sivan, 3830) During the Siege of Jerusalem, Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. The Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometers
1096 — (6rd of Sivan, 4856) Massacre of Jews at Cologne by Crusaders; ….. In one of the few instances of individual courage, the local Bishop of Cologne and some of the local Burghers offered the Jews protection in their own houses. The Bishop later escorted them to towns under his protection. Crusaders reached Cologne and found the gate to the city closed by order of the bishop. Of all the Jewish communities in the path of the Crusaders, Cologne’s Jews were the only ones to escape total destruction
1241 — (19 Sivan 5001) Citizens of Frankfurt am Main stormed the Jewish quarter (following two unsuccessful attempts to storm it the day before) and carried out a pogrom. Up to 3/4 of the Jewish population of the city perished; only those who agreed to be baptized managed to escape. The rioters looted and burned the homes of Jews and destroyed the synagogue. The conflict was sparked by Jewish resistance to the forced baptism of a child, which took place on May 23
1494 — (25 Sivan 5254) In Brescia, the printer Gershom Soncino completed work on the book «Jewish Bible.»
1497 — (29rd of Sivan, 5257) King Ferdinand of Spain “proclaimed in a royal decree that Luis de Santangel and his family, present and future, were to be protected from the inquisition.” Born at Valencia Santangel, a baptized Jew, was the finance minister to the Spanish monarchs who convinced them to sponsor Columbus’ voyage to the new world. He raised the funds himself.
1541 — (4 Sivan 5301) Auto-da-fé in Palermo. Out of twenty-one executed by the Inquisition, 19 were ethnic Jews.
1762 — (8 Sivan 5522) Anti-Jewish riots in the town of Emden (Prussia). Jews were accused of financial fraud. The homes of the four wealthiest Jews were destroyed. Fortunately, there were no casualties
1806 — (13rd of Sivan, 5566) A decree was issued today requesting that a special assembly of Jewish leaders and Rabbis from all of the different French departments, would meet in Paris and discuss all outstanding matters including answering questions dealing with accusations against the Jews made by the anti-Semites.
1909 — (10rd of Sivan, 5669) Reuben Siegel laid the cornerstone for the first home in Tel-Aviv
1942 — (14 Sivan 5702) Holocaust. 450 Jews from Kozin and 350 Jews from Verba (Rovno region) were shot, as well as over 2400 Jews in the Kalinivka district of Vinnytsia region: about 700 in Kalinovka, 814 in Yanov, and 960 in Novo Pikov. The liquidation of Jewish settlements in the Stalin-Dorf, Sofiivka, and Kryvyi Rih districts of Dnipropetrovsk region was completed: on this day, 540 Jews from the villages of Novozytomyr, Izluchiste, Trudovoe, and Kamyanka in Kryvyi Rih district were shot; young Jews were placed in labor camps. In total, at least 3,000 Jews were exterminated in these areas from May 2 to 30. In Ivano-Frankivsk, several hundred Jews among those brought from outside were shot. Another 1,000 Jews were evacuated from Mohyliv-Podilskyi to a camp in the village of Skazintsy.
1942 — (14 Sivan 5702) The first graduation of Palmach cadets, who were trained in Mishmar HaEmek camp for guerrilla warfare in case the Nazis captured Eretz Israel
1948 — (21 Iyar 5708) War of Independence. A transport plane carrying weapons from Czechoslovakia crashed while approaching the Ekron airport, colliding with a hill. Navigator M. Rosenbaum was killed.
1948 — (21 Iyar 5708) War of Independence. Another unsuccessful assault on Latrun. Latrun is a ridge of hills in the Ayalon Valley, 30 km west of Jerusalem, where a monastery is located. During the War of Independence, the Latrun police fort was a stronghold of the Jordanian Arab Legion, allowing control over the road to Jerusalem. Three attacks by Jewish forces on the fort were unsuccessful, leading to the urgent need to construct the so-called «Burma Road» to bypass Latrun to supply Jewish Jerusalem. The fort and the remnants of the fortress were used by Jordanian soldiers as outposts during the Six-Day War
1948 — (21rd of Iyar, 5708) War for independence. ….. At dawn this morning forces of the Irgun captures Ras el Ein near Petah Tikva the source of Jerusalem’s water supply. By nightfall, the Jewish troops had to give up their hard won victory because of counterattacks from a larger force of Iraqi soldiers; In the skies above Israel, Arab aircraft were on the attack striking at Jewish forces in several locations including Zirin, a village near Jenin, Kinereth near Timeria, Rebovoth, near Ramleh, Merchavia and Afula which was the target for incendiary bombs. The newly-minted Israeli air force struck at Tel el Kasser on the Trans Jordan border and at an area near Isdud where Egyptian forces were assembling to move on Jaffa. The Israelis lost one plane in the attack; Israel’s last remaining dissident organization, the Stern Group, announced tonight that it had been incorporated into the regular Israeli army
1951 — (24 Iyar 5711) The President of Israel announced an amnesty for six criminals sentenced to death.
1955 — (9 Sivan 5715) Egyptian artillery shelled the Israeli kibbutz Nirim, resulting in many casualties.
1961 — (15rd of Sivan, 5721) Prime Minister David Ben Gurion met with President John F. Kennedy in the Presidential suite at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City. The meeting lasted for an hour and a half. The two leaders discussed the sale of HAWK missiles to Israel, the reactor at Dimona and need to make some sort of conciliatory gesture concerning the Palestinian refugees
1967 — (20rd of Iyar, 5727) King Hussein of Jordan visited Cairo. ….. At the meeting Nasser produced a file containing the Syrian-Egyptian defense pact” King Hussein was, in his own words “so anxious to reach agreement that told Nasser to give him another copy of the agreement, “replace the word Syrian with the word Jordan” so that he could join the alliance without delay. Apparently, Hussein was not the reluctant participant he would later claim to have been. This was part of Arab efforts to create a united military front in what would become the Six Day War which would begin a week later. When the war broke out, the Israelis sent word to the Jordanians asking them to stay out of the fight. The Israelis assured the Jordanians that they had no intention of attacking them. The Jordanian response was to starting shelling Israel. It was this action by the Jordanians which led the Israelis to the Green Line and drive the Jordanians out of east Jerusalem
1969 — (13rd of Sivan, 5729) Palestinian terrorists blew up the oil pipeline which passes through the Golan Heights. Thousands of tons of crude oil polluted the river-beds, but were blocked before they could reach Lake Kinneret
1972 — (17rd of Sivan, 5732) In Tel Aviv, members of the Japanese Red Army carry out the Lod Airport Massacre, killing 24 people and injuring 78 others
1974 — (9 Sivan 5734) An agreement was signed between Israel and Syria for the disengagement of forces after the Yom Kippur War. A buffer zone between the states was created, and a prisoner exchange took place: 65 of our soldiers for 408 Syrians (or the signing took place on May 31)
1978 — (23rd of Iyar, 5738) The Jerusalem Post reported that Tadiran gave a sneak preview of its miniature, remotely-controlled pilotless reconnaissance aircraft, the Mastiff
1990 — (6 Sivan 5760) A failed terrorist act. 16 Arabs attempted to infiltrate Israel by sea, landing near Ashkelon, but were discovered by a patrol boat. In the confrontation, 4 Arabs were killed, and the others surrendered.
2006 — (3 Sivan 5766) At night, an IDF unit entered the territory of the Gaza Strip for the first time since the evacuation of Israeli settlements was completed in the summer of 2005. During the operation, conducted in the northern part of the Strip near the village of Beit Lahiya, 4 terrorists were eliminated, and 9 were injured.
2009 — (7 Sivan 5769) The «Hagit» power station in the Yokneam area was connected to the Israeli gas pipeline. The supply of gas to the first turbine of the power station, with a capacity of 360 megawatts, began. In addition to the «Hagit» power station, the «Eshkol» power station in Ashdod, «Reading» in Tel Aviv, and «Gezer» near Ben Gurion Airport were also operating on natural gas.
2021 — (19 Sivan 5781) In Tel Aviv, testing began on the first, «red,» line of the high-speed tram
People
1096 — (6th of Sivan, 4856) In Cologne, Mar Isaac and Rebecca perish in an act of Kiddush Ha-Shem; Isaac of Mayence committed suicide on Shavuot two days after he had he submitted to forced baptism to save the lives of his mother and children. According to legend, he set the synagogue on fire to keep it from being turned into a church
1794 — (1rd of Sivan, 5554) Ignaz Moscheles, German composer, born
1844 — (12th of Sivan, 5604) Italian physician and author Benedetto Frizz (AKA Benzion Raphael Kohen) passed away today
1851 — (28 Iyar 5611) Isaac Leibush Peretz was born — a writer. Died on April 3, 1915.
1899 — (21 Sivan 5659) In Nikopol (according to another version — in Odessa), the merchant Binyamin Khayimovich Shor and his wife Kuni had a son named Osip, who later became a prototype for Ostap Bender. Died in 1978.
1909 — (10 Sivan 5669) Benny Goodman was born — an American jazz composer and musician. Died on June 13, 1986.
2023 — (10 Sivan 5783) Near the entrance to the settlement of Hermesh (Northern Samaria), Arabs fired at a car with Israeli license plates. As a result of the terrorist attack, 32-year-old Meir Tamari was killed.
2024 — (22 Iyar 5784) War with Gaza. Day two hundred thirty-seven. In a battle in the northern sector, Senior Sergeant Yedidia Azugi, 21, was killed, and three fighters were seriously wounded
2026 — (14 Sivan 5786) — During hostilities in southern Lebanon, Staff Sergeant Mikhail Tyukin, 21, was killed