History events
-836 BCE — (6 Sivan 2924) Death of King David. «David passed away on the Sabbath day, which coincided with the festival of Shavuot, in the year 2924 from Creation (837 BCE).» (Yaakov Yitzhak «Our People»)
70 CE — (22 Iyar 3830) The Jewish War. The Romans renewed military operations against the Jewish rebels. «On the fifth day, Titus, seeing that the Jews still did not come forward with peaceful proposals, divided his army into two parts and began constructing embankments: one against the Antonia Fortress, and the other by the tomb of John. From this latter point, he intended to conquer the Upper City, and from the former, the Temple, for without the Temple, possession of the city could not be considered secure.»
942 CE — (26 Iyar 4702) — Rabbi Saadia Gaon passed away at the age of 50
1529 — (13th of Sivan, 5289) Thirty Jews burned at Bösing, near Presburg
1577 — (5th of Sivan, 5337) Portuguese Marranos were granted permission to settle in Brazil
1671 — (22th of Sivan, 5431) Frederick William the Hohenzollern the Margrave of Brandenburg readmitted the Jews to his domain including the capital at Berlin. Although they were permitted to live and trade where they wished they had to pay a protection tax of 8 Thalers, and a gold florin for every wedding and funeral. In addition, Jews were not allowed to sell their houses to other Jews and were only permitted to have prayer rooms but no Synagogues
1888 — (11 Sivan 5648) The «Schedule of the Permissible Number of Non-Christians in the Officer Corps» was confirmed by imperial decree. The number of Jewish doctors was limited to 2%.
1910 — (12 Iyar 5670) A settlement, established a year earlier as a green suburb of Jaffa, initially named after the association of its founders — Ahuzat Bayit — was renamed Tel Aviv. Tel Aviv – Spring Mound.
1939 — (3 Sivan 5699) As part of «Remembrance Day» (see May 18, 1939), a march took place in Jerusalem of 4,000 young men and women – fighters of the Haganah. After the parade, the units returned to the building of the Hebrew Gymnasium, where a rally continued, interrupted by shouts of: «We want deeds, not words.»
1942 — (5 Sivan 5702) The Shoah. The last Jews, including 58 mentally ill Jews, were deported from Chișinău to the Domanevka district of the Odessa region. Over 2,200 Jews were killed near the city of Korets (Volhynia). Among them were the wife and 13-year-old daughter of Moshe Gildeman (see October 10, 1898). He and his son Simcha managed to survive. After the war, the son returned to Korets, where he encountered the Ukrainian who had killed his mother and sister, and shot him
1943 — (16th of Iyar, 5703) Members of the Jewish community at Drogobych, Ukraine, are exterminated in the Bronica Forest
1943 — (16 Iyar 5703) The Shoah. The ghetto of the town of Brody in Western Ukraine was liquidated. Before the war, about 10,000 Jews lived in Brody. At the time of the liquidation, there were about 3,000 Jews in the ghetto
1948 — (12th of Iyar, 5708) Today, “at dawn the Golani staff reported that the enemy was repelled but that they were expecting another attack. The full report read: ‘Our forces repelled yesterday a heavy attack of tanks, armored vehicles and infantry that lasted about 8 hours. The attack was repelled by the brave stand of our men, who used Molotov cocktails and their hands against the tanks. 3″ mortars and heavy machinery took their toll on the enemy. Field cannons caused a panicked retreat of the enemy, who yesterday left Tzemah. This morning our forces entered Tzemah and took a large amount of booty of French ammunition and light artillery ammunition. We have captured 2 tanks and an armored vehicle of the enemy. The enemy is amassing large reinforcements. We are expecting a renewal of the attack.’”
1948 — (12th of Iyar, 5708) The former American icebreaker USCGC Northland became “the first warship of the Israeli Sea Corps” when it was commissioned as the INS Eilat. The ship would be renamed INS Matspen in 1957 when it began serving as a barracks
1948 — (12th of Iyar, 5708) Egyptian dive-bombers struck at Tel Aviv four times today without, however, causing serious damage” while other “Egyptian planes, flying high on their regular visits throughout the day, dropped clusters of small bombs on the city’s fringe; In the South, Beit Eshel was shelled by the Egyptians and Yad Mordechai was a target for heavy infantry assaults” all of which were repulsed
1948 — (12 Iyar 5708) The Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue in Jerusalem was blown up by Arabs
1949 — (22th of Iyar, 5709) The National Geographic Society USA issued new maps of Europe and the Near East which show “Palestine partitioned into Israel and the Arab states.
1951 — (15 Iyar 5711) Huge lines formed in stores selling ice. The Israeli government decided to increase its price. Owners of ice-making enterprises protested and reduced their output.
1963 — (27 Iyar 5723) Schneur Zalman Shazar was elected the third President of Israel.
1967 — (11 Iyar 5727) Nasser closed the Straits of Tiran to Israeli ships: «The Straits of Tiran are part of our territorial waters. No Israeli ship will henceforth be allowed to pass through them. At the same time, we forbid the delivery of strategic goods to Israel through the strait on ships of other countries» (see March 1, 1957). PLO leader A. Shukeiri announced that 8,000 Arabs from Eretz Yisrael were joining the armies of Egypt, Syria, and Iraq.
1967 — (11 Iyar 5727) The Indian newspaper Deccan Herald published a statement by the Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi, expressing full support for President Nasser and other Arab leaders in their just struggle against Israel.
1969 — (4 Sivan 5729) War of Attrition. Egyptian aviation carried out several raids on Israeli positions. As a result, three MiG-21s were shot down in aerial duels, and one fell victim to a Hawk surface-to-air missile (SAM) battery. The Egyptians then decided to launch a large-scale air campaign, using all their available aircraft. However, the Israeli Air Force and air defense forces won the aerial war; between May and November 1969, the Egyptian Air Force lost 51 combat aircraft. Of these, 34 were shot down in aerial combat, 9 by anti-aircraft artillery, and 8 by Hawk SAMs. In total, throughout the entire conflict from 1967 to 1970, the Israeli Air Force shot down 113 Egyptian aircraft, and a further 25 were downed by air defense forces – by missiles and anti-aircraft artillery. From the end of the Six-Day War in June 1967 until January 1970, Israel lost a total of 15 aircraft on all fronts, including the Syrian and Jordanian fronts. Of these, only two were lost in aerial combat, while the rest were shot down by anti-aircraft fire.
1973 — (19 Iyar 5733) The Minister of Defense of Israel, Moshe Dayan, told the officers present at a General Staff meeting that in the second half of the summer of that year, they «…should expect a renewal of war with Egypt, and in all probability, with Syria…». A record of this was made by Zalman Shoval and was confirmed in 1974 by other witnesses. Nevertheless, no extraordinary measures were taken. It was assumed that everything necessary had already been done. A reduction in the share of defense spending in the overall budget was even planned – from 40% in 1970 to a projected 32% in 1973. In May 1973, in response to Egyptian army maneuvers, a partial mobilization was carried out. This measure cost a considerable amount of money, and the Chief of Staff, David Elazar, was criticized for having shown excessive caution.
1985 — (1 Sivan 5745) In exchange for Israel Defense Forces soldier Hezi Shai, who was captured in the battle at Sultan Yacoub, as well as Nissim Salem and Yosef Groff, who were captured by terrorists in the Hamdun area (two of eight abducted soldiers) (First Lebanon War), Israel released 1,150 convicted terrorists, including the Japanese national Kozo Okamoto (the sole survivor of the terrorist group that carried out the May 1972 massacre at Ben-Gurion Airport) and Ahmed Yassin – the founder of Hamas, sentenced in 1983 to 13 years for incitement to destroy Israel, illegal weapons possession, and establishing a terrorist organization. The deal sparked sharp criticism in Israel, as the government agreed to release terrorists sentenced to life imprisonment for the mass murder of innocent civilians, and because the deal did not extend to the soldiers missing in action at Sultan Yacoub – Zachary Baumel, Yehuda Katz, and Tzvi Feldman.
1990 — (26 Iyar 5750) The Knesset allocated $17 million for the construction of new settlements; following objections from the United States, the money was used for the construction of new homes in existing settlements.
2018 — (7 Sivan 5778) The Paraguayan embassy opened in Jerusalem.
2021 — (10 Sivan 5781) Operation Guardian of the Walls ended. Israel and Gaza agreed to a ceasefire. In Israel, 12 people (three foreign nationals) died during the 11 days of bombings, and 120 were wounded.
2024 — (12 Iyar 5784) The Gaza War. Day two hundred twenty-eight. Fighting continued throughout the Gaza Strip
People
1855 — Born, revolutionary, founder of the Social Democratic movement in Romania, C. Dobrogeanu-Gherea (Solomon Katz). Died May 7, 1920.
1904 — Arnold Deutsch was born — Soviet intelligence officer. Died November 7, 1942.
1909 — (1 Sivan 5669) The future head of the French branch of the world-renowned dynasty, Baron Paul Rothschild, was born. Died June 12, 2007.
1916 — Writer Harold Robbins was born. Died October 14, 1997.
1929 — B. I. Seidenberg was born — actor. Died October 20, 2000.
1948 — (12 Iyar 5708) War of Independence. During an Egyptian bombing, the commander of Kibbutz Negba, Yitzhak Dubno, was killed. He was only 35 years old. The fact that the kibbutz was able to withstand the battles against the Egyptians was largely his merit. Yitzhak was one of the founders of the kibbutz, a chief military instructor in the Palmach, participated in developing military doctrine, and wrote articles for the military journal Ma’arachot.
2017 — (25 Iyar 5777) Shulamit Kishik-Cohen, who for 14 years was the primary source of intelligence information from Lebanon, passed away at the age of 100.