History events
1283 — (2th of Nisan, 5043) (10 Nisan 5041) The urban mob of the city of Mainz, incited by news of the beginning of another Crusade, carried out a pogrom. Influenced by these events, some Jews from Mainz and other German cities, under the leadership of Meir ben Baruch of Rothenburg, decided to immigrate to the Land of Israel (other sources indicate the year 1283)
1310 — (29 Nisan 5070) One of the early autos-da-fé. In Paris, a baptized Jew who had secretly returned to Judaism was burned at the stake
1492 — (3 Nisan 5252) The Edict of the Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella expelling the Jews from Spain (or March 30). The initiator of the decree was the queen’s confessor, the Dominican monk Torquemada, who asserted that the proximity of Jews was dangerous for Christians and especially for Marranos, who could be led astray from the true path. Furthermore, the expulsion of infidels was a thanksgiving to God, who had granted the Catholic monarchs victory over the Moors
1688 — (10th of Nisan, 5448) The German Jews received permission to participate in the tobacco industry “but only on condition that they would build houses in Christianshavn, a suburb of Copenhagen on the island of Amager
1745 — (9 Nisan 5505) According to a decree of the Empress of Austria, Maria Theresa, this was the last day for Jews to remain in Prague
1781 — (4th of Nisan, 5541) Today “the Hungarian government issued a decree known as the Systematica gentis Judaicae regulatio, which wiped out at one stroke the decrees that had oppressed the Jews for centuries. The royal free towns, except the mining-towns, were opened to the Jews, who were allowed to settle at leisure throughout the country. The regulatio decreed that the legal documents of the Jews should no longer be composed in Hebrew, or in Yiddish, but in Latin, German, and Hungarian, the languages used in the country at the time, and which the young Jews were required to learn within two years.”
1783 — (26 Adar II 5543) Emperor of Austria-Hungary Joseph II granted Jews the right of residence in the city of Pest, part of the future capital of Hungary, Budapest
1856 — (24 Adar II 5616) Alexander II approved the resolution of the Committee for Determining Measures for the Fundamental Transformation of the Jews in Russia, which allowed the acceptance into state service of Jews holding academic degrees in medicine, as well as doctors of science in other fields. For the duration of their state service, they received the right to live outside the Pale of Settlement
1871 — (8th of Nisan, 5631) A poem in Hebrew about the Western Wall by Henry Vidaver, who served as a rabbi at Rodeph Shalom in Philadelphia, United Hebrew Congregation in St. Louis, B’nai Jeshrun in New York and Sherith Israel in San Francisco, appeared in the newspaper Havatzelet
1890 — (10 Nisan 5650) Near Jaffa, the cornerstone-laying ceremony for the Jaffa-Jerusalem railway took place
1894 — (22th of Adar II, 5654) As of today, there are about 4,000 Polish Jews living in Zarephath, Hebron, Tiberias and Jerusalem. They came to Palestine to seek refuge from Russian persecution
1925 — (5th of Nisan, 5685) The town of Afula was founded in the Jezreel Valley.
1935 — (25th of Adar II, 5695) The Italian liner Roma arrived in Haifa carrying 1,650 passengers, which is believed to the largest number of people ever brought to Palestine on one ship.
1937 — (18th of Nisan, 5697) “The anti-Jewish demonstrations begun before Easter continued” in the Free City of Danzig where “Jewish shops were picketed today
1937 — (19 Nisan 5697) An Arab attack on workers building the road from Haifa to Ya’arot HaCarmel. In the battle, Mordechai Berg was killed. Ya’arot HaCarmel was a remote settlement located 12 km from Haifa on a mountainside. It had no residents, only a squad of guards
1939 — (11 Nisan 5699) Illegal Aliyah. The ship «Agios Nikolaos,» with 693 refugees from Czechoslovakia, was fired upon by British boats and forced to land on the Greek island of Chios. One repatriate was killed by gunfire. Only after several months did the passengers of the «Agios Nikolaos» manage to reach the Land of Israel on another ship
1941 — (2th of Nisan, 5701) After 7,500 Jews arrived from Vienna, a decree was issued to establish a ghetto at Kielce
1942 — (12th of Nisan, 5702) The Shoah. In Stanislav (Ivano-Frankivsk), which then had 20,873 Jews, an Aktion took place: about 2,500 Jews were deported to Bełżec, 150 were killed on the spot. From Lviv, between March 21–31, 10,000 Jews were deported to Bełżec, and about 400 Jews were placed in the camp on Janowska Street.
1944 — (6th of Nisan, 5704) It was announced that every Jew in Hungary would be required to wear a yellow badge as of April 5th
1948 — (19th of Adar II, 5708) as part of Operation Balak, “the airlift to Israel of fighter planes and military supplies” a Skymaster “flew directly from Prague to an airstrip near Be’er Tuivah, landing there today” with equipment immediately used in Operation Nahshon
1948 — (20 Adar II 5708) The War of Independence. The battle at the Hulda junction between a convoy from Kibbutz Hulda heading to Jerusalem and Arabs from the Salvation Army. The convoy broke through, but 19 fighters were killed.
1948 — (20 Adar II 5708) The War of Independence. An airplane from Yugoslavia landed at the makeshift airstrip of the village of Beit Daras with a cargo of weapons for the Haganah, which were immediately sent to the brigades breaking the siege of Jerusalem.
1948 — (20 Adar II 5708) The War of Independence. Operation «Center-2» — shelling the village of Abu Kabir with Davidka mortars and storming the Arab fortifications. From this day on, the village of Abu Kabir ceased to be a key Arab stronghold for attacks on traffic along the Tel Aviv-Jerusalem highway
1952 — (4th of Nisan, 5712) The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel had become the ninth nation to ratify the agreement to eliminate trade barriers on the import of educational, scientific or cultural materials, sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Forty tons of Jerusalem stone, hewn from the Castel quarry, went into the building of the UN headquarters in New York as Israel’s contribution to the project. The stone was sufficient for 300 sq.m. of flooring. Israel purchased 40,000 tons of wheat from South Africa
1953 — (14th of Nisan, 5713) The number of Israeli unemployed as of this date was 16,350
1977 — (12 Nisan 5737) Quotes and opinions. The Dutch newspaper «Trouw» published an interview with Zahir Muhsein, a member of the PLO executive committee: «The Palestinian people does not exist. The establishment of a Palestinian state is merely a means to continue our struggle against the State of Israel for Arab unity… There is no difference today between Jordanians, Palestinians, Syrians, and Lebanese. Only for political and tactical reasons do we speak of the existence of a Palestinian people, since Arab national interest requires that a separate Palestinian people be set up to oppose Zionism. For tactical reasons, Jordan, which is a state with defined borders, cannot lay claim to Haifa and Jaffa. But as a Palestinian, I can undoubtedly demand Haifa, Jaffa, Be’er Sheva, and Jerusalem. However, the moment we reclaim our rights to all of Palestine, we will not wait a single minute to unite Palestine and Jordan.»
1979 — (2th of Nisan, 5739) In Jerusalem, Israel, Gali Atari &; Milk and Honey win the twenty-fourth Eurovision Song Contest for Israel singing «Hallelujah
1995 — (22th of Adar II, 5755) Al HaMishmar, a “paper owned by and affiliated with Hashomer Hatzair as well as the Hashomer Hatzair Workers Party of Palestine and Mapam” which was first published in 1943 ceased publication today
2000 — (24 Adar II 5760) The first international hackers conference concluded in Jerusalem, with 350 people participating.
2002 — (18 Nisan 5762) Terrorist attack. A suicide bomber detonated at the entrance to a Haifa restaurant. 14 people were killed, over 30 were wounded.
2011 — (25 Adar II 5771) The first three Air Tractor AT-802F aircraft, designed for firefighting, landed at an IAF airbase
2014 — (28th of Adar II, 5744) Former Prime Minister Ehud Olmert was convicted today of receiving bribes to facilitate the construction of the Holyland housing project in Jerusalem a decade ago
2015 — (11 Nisan 5775) The opening ceremony of the new «Symphony» House of Music took place in Rosh HaAyin. Its area is 2,555 square meters, featuring two concert halls, 20 classrooms for music studies, 5 rehearsal rooms, classrooms for theoretical studies, computer labs, two inner courtyards, and offices.
2022 — (28 Adar II 5782) The Israel Defense Forces began a major counter-terrorism operation, «Breakwater,» to dismantle terrorist infrastructure. It took place in the territory of the Palestinian Authority.
2024 — (21 Adar II 5784) Terrorist attack. In Gan Yavne, on the grounds of the «Friendly Mall,» three people were seriously wounded in stabbings by an Arab. One of them, 34-year-old Lidor Levi, died in the hospital on April 4th. The attacker was shot dead by police
People
1661 — (11th of Nisan, 5421) Spanish-born and Hamburg educated publisher Joseph b Abraham Athias who settled in Amsterdam where he became a printer producing such volumes as “Tikkun Sefer Torah” (Order of the Book of the Law” “was taken into the Printers’ Guild today
1810 — (24 Adar II 5570) Zinovy Yakovlevich Slonimsky was born in Bialystok — a self-taught mathematician, inventor, educator, editor of periodicals, and author of popular science books in Hebrew (one of the pioneers of the modern Hebrew press), and creator of a calculating machine. He died on May 15, 1904
1905 — (23th of Adar II, 5665) Dorothy Levitt, the first English woman ever to compete in a motor race drove from the Adelpi Hotel in Liverpool to Coventry and then on to the De-Dion showroom in Great Marlborough Street in London, retracing the 205-mile trip she had made the day before
1923 — (13th of Nisan, 5683) Birthdate of Shoshana Damari
1935 — (25th of Adar II, 5695) Hebrew novelist Samuel I. Agnon was awarded the Bialik Prize in Hebrew Literature. The Bialik Prize was established in memory of the dean of Hebrew literature, Chaim Nachman Bialik and is considered the equivalent of the Pulitzer Prize
1945 — Mother Maria of Paris, a Russian nun who had saved many French Jews by hiding them, was killed by the Nazis
1953 — (14th of Nisan, 5713) Birthdate of Ehud Banai, an Israeli singer and songwriter
2005 — (20 Adar II 5765) A. Atzmoni, one of the 12 Heroes of Israel, passed away. During the War of Independence, Sergeant Aryeh Atzmoni removed ammunition from a burning armored vehicle.
2024 — (21 Adar II 5784) The war with Gaza. Day one hundred and seventy-seven. Sergeant Sivan Weil, 20 years old, from Ra’anana, died in the hospital from wounds sustained in a battle in the southern Gaza Strip on March 29