History events
-597 — (2nd Adar) On the secular calendar, according to certain archaeological calculations, the first conquest of Jerusalem by Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar occurred. In the Bible, the event is recorded in 2 Kings 24:1ff. and in 2 Chronicles 36:5-8. It is also implied in the early chapters of Jeremiah and Ezekiel.
1190 — (7th of Nisan, 4950) Jews of York slay themselves in order to avoid baptism
1722 — (9th of Nisan, 5482) The new «Aeltesten-reglement» (Constitution of the Jewish Community) was issued today in Prussia. It was intended to do away with the evils that had become apparent in the administration of the community, and which, in order to be brought home more thoroughly, was to be read every year in the synagogue. Under this constitution the administration consisted of two permanent chief elders, five elders, four treasurers, and four superintendents of the poor, and assistants; new officers were to be elected every three years by seven men chosen by lot from among the community. The committee was to meet every week in the room of the elders, and to keep the minutes of their proceedings; resolutions, passed by them, becoming law by a majority vote. The exclusion of a member of the community from the Passover was made dependent on the unanimous vote of the committee; the ban could be pronounced only with the consent of the rabbi; and both of these measures were to be subject to ratification by the Jews’ commission. The elders were held responsible with their own money for the proper collection of the taxes, but could proceed against delinquent payers. Every year the entire board had to report to a committee of five chosen by the community. The college of rabbis was to consist of a chief rabbi, a vice rabbi and two or three assessors. Other taxes were soon added to the existing ones; e.g., on pawnshops, and calendar money for the Royal Society of Science, and marriage licenses. The income from the last was paid into the treasury from which enlisted men received their pay, and its amount (4,800 thalers a year) soon became a permanent tax upon the whole community
1743 — (2th of Nisan, 5503) The New-York Weekly Journal reported that a Jewish funeral procession in New York was attacked by a mob. According to «one learned Christian» witness to it, the mob had, «insulted the dead in such a vile manner that to mention all would shock a human ear.»
1859 — (10th of Adar-1, 5619) Emperor Alexander II granted Jewish scholars, wholesale merchants and manufacturers the right to live outside of the Pale
1908 — (13th of Adar I, 5668) In Haifa, «bitterness against the Jews led to a clash between Jews, Ottoman soldiers and local Arabs in which thirteen Jews were injured, some of them severely.»
1932 — (8th of Adar I, 5692) A new immigration category for middle-class settlers seeking admission to Palestine which would mean that “farmers, merchants and industrialist would be admitted in the new category if they that have a capital of five hundred pounds, was announced in Jerusalem today
1934 — (29th of Adar, 5694) In its first international football (soccer) match the team from Mandatory Palestine (the future Israel) lost to Egypt 7 to 1.
1942 — (22th of Adar, 5702) The first 1,600 Jews were deported from Lublin to Belzec. Another 10,000 would follow the next week
1943 — (9th of Adar I, 5703) An SS officer was killed by a Jew named Kotnowski at Lvov. In reprisal, the Germans hung 11 Jewish policemen from the balconies overlooking the main street of the Ghetto. Also over 1,000 Jews were taken away and shot
1954 — (11th of Adar I, 5714) Tonight, unknown assailants attacked an Egged bus traveling between Eilat and Tel Aviv killing the driver Efraim Firstenberg, eight male passengers and two female passengers following which the killers spat on and abused the bodies of the dead before leaving with loot they had collected
1962 — (10th of Adar 1, 5722) The “Golani Brigade raided Syrian outposts to the north of the Sea of Galilee in order to stop Syrian shelling of Israeli Villages. Seven Israeli soldiers and thirty Syrian soldiers were killed during the battle.” The raid did not end the shelling. It would continue sporadically until 1967 when the IDF heroically took the Golan Heights
2005 — (5th of Adar 1, 5675) In yet another exchange of land for a promise of peace, Israel officially hands over Jericho to Palestinian control
People
1890 — (24th of Adar, 5650) Birthdate of Solomon Mikhoels, Soviet actor and chairman of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee
1919 — (14th of Adar II, 5679) Yakov Mikhaylovich Sverdlov, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic(SFSR) passed away at the age of 33.
1935 — (11th of Adar II, 5695) Aron Nimzowitsch passed away. He was a chess grandmaster