History events
1242 — (6th of Tammuz, 5002) By the decree of Pope Gregory IX and King Louis, all copies of the Talmud were confiscated. The Talmud was declared the main culprit of «religious errors» and the stubbornness of the Jews. The Pope called for an investigation into the contents of the Talmud, which led to its condemnation and burning. Twenty-four carts of Hebrew books were publicly burned
1369 — (30th of Sivan, 5129) Henry II. imposes on Jews of Toledo a tax of 20,000 gold «dollas» (= $9,630,000)
1453 — (29 Sivan 5213) The Austrian Duke Ladislaus Posthumous, son of Albrecht II, confirmed his father’s decree that no Jew should have the right to reside in Vienna, and loans obtained by his subjects from Jews living elsewhere were invalid
1487 — (15th of Sivan, 5247) In Soncino, Italy, Joshua Solomon Soncino completed the printing of a Pentateuch with a commentary by Rashi
1510 — (28 Sivan 5270) The sacred books confiscated by the convert Pfefekorn from the Jews in Germany were returned (see April 10 and May 23, 1510)
1880 — (27th of Sivan, 5240) It was reported today that the last religious census in France showed that there were almost 36 million Roman Catholics in the country but only 50,000 Jews
1910 — (28 Iyar 5670) On this day, the newspaper «Krasnoyarsky Vestnik» (No. 60) wrote: «Krasnoyarsk, this small, tidy town with a bright future, is nothing but Berdichev, even worse. Go to the Siberian Trade Bank, you will meet the manager Kheysin, head to the market, and you will be amazed: all trade is in the hands of this ‘oppressed tribe.’ Of the 496 market stalls — 92 are Russian, the rest are Jewish.»
1927 — (6 Sivan 568) Kibbutz Ein-Shemer was founded 10 km northeast of Hadera.
1929 — (27 Iyar 5689) The Israel Football Association, founded in 1928, became a member of FIFA.
1939 — (19 Sivan 5699) The decision to establish the general staff of the Haganah was made after discussing the recommendations of R. Lev and Z. von Friedman — military specialists who repatriated from Austria, who insisted that «a situation in which a group of people makes decisions on military matters is intolerable, only one person can give orders, the staff is the executive body of the supreme commander.»
1942 — (21 Sivan 5702) Shoah. In Gnivan (Vinnytsia region), 276 Jews were shot: 89 locals, the rest from the villages of Sutiska, Mykhailivka, and Brailovka. New Jewish actions took place in Nova Pikova and Yaniv (Kalynivka district of Vinnytsia region)
1942 — (21th of Sivan, 5702) Following a failed attempt in 1940, the Nazis succeed in ordering Belgian Jews to wear the Yellow Star; The Jewish ghetto at Kraków, Poland, is liquidated; 6000 Jews from the city are murdered at Belzec
1948 — (28th of Iyar, 5708) The IAF completed its move to a new base in Herzliya
1952 — (13th of Sivan, 5712) The Jerusalem Post reported on the ground- breaking ceremony for the projected $10 million Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical School on the bare Judean hills, west of Ein Kerem. Speakers declared that this construction did not mean the abandonment of Hadassah facilities on Mount Scopus which were effectively under Arab control in violation of existing U.N. guarantees
1956 — (27 Sivan 5716) A declaration was adopted by three small educational institutions operating in Tel Aviv — the Institute for Jewish Studies, the Tel Aviv School of Law and Economics, and the Institute of Natural Sciences, regarding their unification and the creation of a university. Thus, Tel Aviv University was established
1967 — (27th of Iyar, 5727) Six-Day War. ….. At six o’clock in the morning the Supreme Command of the Arab armed forces began broadcasting on the great lies that is still believed to this day. Repeating a report that Nasser had made to King Hussein the night before, the Arab military leaders claimed that the Egyptian and Jordanian air forces had been demolished on the first day of the war by U.S. planes attached to the Sixth Fleet and by British warplanes flying from unspecified bases. This tale had not no basis in fact. It gave Nasser a chance to save face with the Arab masses and to provide his Soviet patrons with an excuse for intervening. The Cold War is already becoming a distant memory to those living in the 21st century. However, the conflict between the U.S. and the Soviet Union was very real in 1967. The Soviets were actively looking for a way to gain control in the Middle East and the Communist Bloc was Nasser’s patron, a factor that was part of the military and political equation facing the Israelis; Defense Minister Moshe Dyan still refused to allow any military action to be taken along the Golan Heights. With fighting raging in the Sinai to the South, he did not need additional military worries. What did worry Dyan was that the U.N. might impose a cease fire before Israeli forces could seize Sharm el-Sheik, the choke-point held by the Egyptians that made it possible for them to close the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping. Dyan ordered Chief of Staff Rabin to move with all speed to seize Sharm. Rabin completed planes for a combined assault that was to be carried out the next evening; The Egyptian armored forces collapse. Ariel Sharon’s division later joins an armored brigade making its way to the Egyptian posts at Tamed and Nakhl. When they arrive there, Sharon quickly reads the battlefield and success
1967 — (27 Iyar 5727) Six-Day War. At night, the submarine «Tanin» with naval commandos on board infiltrated the waters of the naval base in Alexandria. The commandos sank enemy missile boats of the «Osa» type right at the docks. During the operation, the Israeli submarine was detected by the enemy, which continuously dropped depth charges. However, despite the damage to the submarine, the Israeli sailors managed to break free from the trap. That same night, a flotilla of the Israeli Navy, consisting of the destroyer «Yaffo» and three torpedo boats, struck the naval base in Port Said. In the morning, the Arabs withdrew their fleet from the combat zone. Thus, the shelling of Tel Aviv from the sea with missiles with a range of 35 miles was prevented. Eighteen Russian missile boats, transferred from the USSR to Egypt, were equipped with them
1982 — (15th of Sivan, 5742) Members of the famous Golani Brigade attacked Beaufort Castle which was held by the PLO
1988 — (19 Nisan 5748) A resident of the settlement of Elon Moreh, fifteen-year-old Tirtza Porat, was shot in the neighboring Arab village of Beita during an attack by the villagers on a group of Jewish children from Elon Moreh. Tirtza Porat became the first victim on the West Bank during the First Intifada. Elon Moreh was founded in 1980 and is located in Samaria.
2009 — (14 Sivan 5769) Israel. 1,500 representatives of the religious community held a protest in front of the Jerusalem municipality. Ultra-religious Jews protested against the operation of a city parking lot on Saturday. Participants in the demonstration stormed the town hall, threw empty bottles and stones at the police, and set garbage bins on fire. As a result, six police officers were injured, and 10 participants were arrested
People
1391 — (3th of Tammuz, 5151) “In the aftermath of the great massacres of Jews” in Spain “which began” today, Paul of Burgos who “was original names as Solomon ha-Levi’ “converted to Christianity, and became an archbishop, lord chancellor, and exegete known as Pablo de Santa Maria
1629 — (25th of Sivan, 5389): Rabbi Joseph ben Benjamin Samegah author of Mikrae Kodesh passed away
1689 — (28 Sivan 5449) Solomon ben-Jacob Aylon was elected the chief rabbi of the London Sephardic community. However, the community soon learned that Aylon had previously been a follower of Shabbatai Ben-Zvi, who claimed to be the Messiah, and lost their trust in him. Aylon was forced to move to Amsterdam, where he took a position as a member of the rabbinical college in 1700. But in Amsterdam, he had to face opposition from Tzvi Ashkenazi (see May 2, 1718). The conflict between Aylon and Ashkenazi intensified the long-standing antagonism between the Sephardic and Ashkenazi communities in Amsterdam. Additionally, Aylon was involved in denouncing Ashkenazi to the Amsterdam magistrate, thereby making the internal discord of the Jewish community a matter of public dispute. Aylon’s actions forced Ashkenazi to leave Amsterdam. It is said that when Aylon learned of Ashkenazi’s death in 1718, he admitted to having wronged the deceased. Aylon left behind a Kabbalistic work, a manuscript of which is preserved in the library of Jews College in London. He died in Amsterdam on April 10, 1728.
1886 — M. Block, a French historian, was born. He was shot by the fascists on June 16, 1944.
1905 — (3 Sivan 5665) Suzanne Spaak, a member of the French Resistance, was born. In early 1943, she participated in the rescue of 163 Jewish children who were to be deported from France to concentration camps. She hid some of the children in her own home, helping to provide them with clothing and food rations and organizing their movement to safe places in France. On August 12, 1944, Suzanne was killed by the Nazis. On April 21, 1985, Yad Vashem recognized Suzanne Spaak as Righteous Among the Nations.
1909 — (17 Sivan 5669) Isaiah Berlin, an English scholar, philosopher, historian, and diplomat, was born. He died on November 5, 1997.
1924 — (4 Sivan 5684) Orna Porat, an Israeli artist, director, and theatrical figure, was born. She died on August 6, 2015.
2024 — (29 Iyar 5784) War with Gaza. Day two hundred forty-four. In a battle in the south of the sector, Sergeant Zaid Mazarib, 34 years old, was killed.
2025 — (10 Sivan 5785) War in Gaza. Day six hundred nine. In the south of the sector, Sergeant Yoav Revere, 19 years old, Staff Sergeant Tom Rothstein, 23 years old, Corporal Uri Yonatan Cohen, 20 years old, and Reserve Corporal Hen Gross, 33 years old, were killed. One serviceman was severely wounded
2026 — (21 Sivan 5786) Sergeant Ohad Yaari, 21 years old, was killed in southern Lebanon; Captain Shachar Gamla, 23 years old, died in the hospital after being seriously wounded in combat