History events
67 — (27 Sivan 3827) Jewish War. The battle between the Romans and the Samaritans on Mount Gerizim.
69 — (20 Tammuz 3829) Jewish War. «On the night of June 27–28, Vespasian secretly summoned Yohanan ben Zakkai to him. ‘You are a very learned man,’ he said. ‘I ask you to further enlighten me regarding the essence of your people and its faith. Do you have some fundamental law, a golden rule, to which all these dreadfully numerous laws of yours can be reduced?’ The scholar replied: ‘Do not do unto others what you would not have them do unto you.’ That is all.»
70 — (1 Tammuz 3830) Jewish War. The battle at the Fortress of Antonia.
1240 — (7 Tammuz 5000) A disputation concerning the Talmud took place in Paris in the presence of the king. Four rabbis acted as defenders, led by the greatest Talmudic scholar of that era, Rabbi Yechiel ben Yosef of Paris. They failed to convince the judges that the Talmud contained no «villainous fabrications,» and consequently, on October 17, 1244, a huge number of Jewish books were publicly burned. This day later became a fast day
1286 — (4th of Tammuz, 5046) Meïr of Rothenburg imprisoned at Rotevil by Bishop Henry of Basel
1366 — (18th of Tammuz, 5126) Jew badge introduced into Venice
1443 — (1th of Аv, 5203) The marquis of Mantua, Italy issued favorable regulations, granting Jews freedom of religion, the right to settle internal disputes in rabbinic courts and permission to engage in all occupations
1591 — (16 Tammuz 5351) Duke Heinrich Julius issued a decree expelling the Jews from Göttingen. The Göttingen city council attempted to challenge the decree. On August 13 of that year, they filed a protest against the proposed expulsion. The council noted that according to the charter granted to the previous council, the Jews still had several years of legal right to reside in the city; furthermore, they pointed out that the expulsion would create difficulties for the less affluent citizens of Göttingen, as it would not give them enough time to redeem their pawned items from the Jews. The reply of August 18 was discouraging, and the Jews were expelled.
1712 — «We will never know the inner motives of the Jews until the day they have their own free state, schools, and universities, where they can speak and argue without fear. Then and only then will we know what they really want to say.» (Jean-Jacques Rousseau)
1773 — (7 Tammuz 5533) Another decree from the Empress of Austria-Hungary reaffirming the prohibition on Jews in Galicia marrying without permission from the authorities.
1865 — (4 Tammuz 5625) A law was passed allowing Jewish mechanics, distillers, brewers, and craftsmen and artisans in general to reside anywhere in Russia, accompanied by members of their families, i.e., wives, children, and minor brothers and sisters. Jews not older than 18 years of age, even if they did not belong to the artisan class, were permitted to travel to areas outside the Pale of Settlement for the purpose of learning trades, but with a restriction on the duration of their stay there (not exceeding 5 years). Those among these individuals who, upon completing their studies, received letters of approval from their masters were allowed to take up permanent residence outside the Pale of Settlement.
1941 — (3 Tammuz 5701) Shoah. In Nesterov (Zhovkva, Lviv region), a synagogue containing several dozen Jews was burned down.
1942 — (13 Tammuz 5702) Shoah. From Chernivtsi to the Vinnytsia region, 2,000 Jews were deported. Additionally, 2,000 Jews from Izyaslav, 150 from Pluzhne, over 600 from Kunev (Khmelnytskyi region), and 90 from Krasnohrad (Kharkiv region) were presumably shot.
1944 — (7 Tammuz 5704) Shoah. Auschwitz. Record: 24,000 Jews exterminated in a single day.
1948 — (21th of Sivan, 5708) Count Folke Bernadotte, a Swedish diplomat appointed as a mediator by the UN submitted his first plan to end hostilities which if adopted would have “abolished the Jewish state” and created a Kingdom of Transjordan with “a Jewish enclave” which meant the he was voiding Resolution 181 that had created the Jewish state in 1947
1951 — (24th of Sivan, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported that a modified scheme for national insurance was finally approved by the government and was to be brought before the Knesset. Registration continued for the Four-Year People’s Housing Scheme. Twelve thousand housing units were expected to be allocated to needy citizens yearly
1976 — (30th of Sivan, 5736) Air France Flight 139, which had been hijacked by terrorists, arrived at Entebbe Airport in Uganda. The four hijackers were joined by several comrades who were supported by Idi Amin, the pro-Palestinian Uganda dictator
1984 — (28 Sivan 5744) Prisoner exchange after the Lebanon War — 6 living Israelis (three soldiers and three civilians) and the bodies of six fallen soldiers — for 291 Syrians.
1984 — (28 Sivan 5744) The Supreme Court of Justice allowed Meir Kahane’s party and the «Progressive List for Peace» to participate in the Knesset elections.
1987 — (1th of Tammuz, 5747) A children’s memorial designed by Moshe Safdie and financed by an American Jew named Abraham Spiegel who had lost his two year old son at Auschwitz, opened at Yad Vashem
2004 — (9 Tammuz 5764) In Sderot, on the way to kindergarten, a mother and her 3-year-old son were killed by a Qassam rocket fired from Gaza. The first victims of rocket attacks on Sderot.
2006 — (2 Tammuz 5766) Operation «Summer Rains» began, the main objective of which was the release of abducted soldier Gilad Shalit. Large forces of the IDF, supported by air force and armored vehicles, entered the southern part of the Gaza Strip. This occurred 10 months after the last Israeli soldier had left the territory of the Strip.
2014 — (30th of Sivan, 5774) As rocket attacks from Gaza continue to intensify a missle fired from Beit Hanoun hit the «Denber» plastic factory in Sderot’s industrial area, causing a large fire to break out which resulted in the destruction of the factory. While some workers were injured there was no loss of life
2016 — (22 Sivan 5776) The Israeli company Elbit Systems announced the successful completion of test torpedo launches conducted by a new torpedo boat it developed for the Israeli Navy. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it is unmanned.
2024 — (22 Sivan 5784) The settlements (former outposts) in Samaria and Judea — Sde Efraim, Givat Asaf, Evyatar, Hatzar, Adorayim — received official status
People
1825 — (12 Tammuz 5585) Heinrich Heine adopted Lutheranism, renaming himself from the name Chaim given by his parents.
1892 — N. Shifrin was born — painter, graphic artist, theater artist. Died April 3, 1961.
1907 — Paul-Émile Victor was born — French polar explorer and writer, participant in many expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic regions of the globe. Died March 7, 1995.
1914 — (4 Tammuz 5674) Eliezer Rokach died at the age of 58 — publicist and public figure.
1923 — D. Ya. Khrabrovitsky was born — screenwriter. Died March 1, 1980.
1961 — (14 Tammuz 5721) Eliezer Melamed was born — rabbi and political figure. In August 1988, he became the rabbi of the settlement of Har Brakha, located in Samaria, near Elon Moreh and the Samaritan village of Kiryat Luza, 2 km south of Shechem (Nablus), 46 km from Jerusalem in the heart of the Samarian hills. In September 1992, he established a yeshiva in the settlement.
1984 — (28th of Sivan, 5744) Yigael Yadin an Israeli archeologist, politician, and the second Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces, passed away
2001 — (7th of Tammuz, 5761) Ekaterina (Katya) Weintraub, 27, of Ganim in northern Samaria was killed and another woman injured late Thursday afternoon by shots fired at the two-car convoy on the Jenin bypass road
2001 — (7 Tammuz 5761) Twenty-year-old Lieutenant Roni became the first female combat pilot in Israel