History events
-586 — (9th of Tammuz, 3174) King Nebuchadnezzar’s army broke through the walls of Jerusalem and entered the City of David
1182 — (21th of Tammuz, 4942) Phillip II, the seventeen year old French monarch “decreed the total expulsion of Jews from all royal possessions within two months. This was due in part to debts owed to Jewish moneylenders
1294 — (28 Sivan 5054) Expulsion of Jews from Bern.
1298 — (13th of Tammuz, 5058) Massacre of the Jews of Ifhauben, Austria
1322 — (8th of Tammuz, 5082) Charles IV of France expelled all the Jews from France without the promised one year’s warning. This marked the second expulsion of the Jews from France
1339 — (17th of Tammuz, 5099) A party commissioned by Pope Benedict XII to go to China ….. that included Giovanni de’ Marignolli left Constantinople and sailed across the Black Sea to Caffa. In 1342, following his arrival in China, Marginollia told of having engaged «in glorious disputations» in Beijing with both Muslims and Jews. This was one several reports of Jews living in China during the 14th century. These included Andrew of Perugia’s complaint in 1326 that “the Jews of Quanzhou obdurately refused to accede to his pleas that they undergo baptism” and the Muslim traveler ibn Battuta description of entering Hangzhou in 1346 “through a gate called the Jews’ Gate and statement that among the inhabitants of the city there were “Jews, Christians and sun-worshipping Turks.”
1377 — (16 Tamuz 5137) Princes Albrecht III and Leopold III issued a decree regarding the «rights, freedoms, welfare, and customs» of the Jews of Carinthia and Styria, which became part of Austria only in 1335
1388 — (18 Tamuz 5148) Prince Witold of Grodno and Troki issued a charter to the Jews of Brest that regulated their status
1648 — (14th of Tammuz, 5408) Jews treacherously murdered at Tulchin by Cossacks
1699 — (7 Tamuz 5459) Sir Thomas, Lady Pointz, and the Committee of Spanish and Portuguese Jews in London signed a land lease agreement in the City for £120 per year for a term of 61 years with an option to extend for another 38 years for the construction of the synagogue now known as Bevis Marks Synagogue
1846 — (30 Sivan 5606) The Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia Ferdinand V abolished the special Jewish tax that Jews in Hungary had paid for a whole century
1848 — (23 Sivan 5608) (New Style). In Russia, a regulation was adopted regarding the rabbinical commission—an organ for resolving issues related to the religious and spiritual affairs of Jews. The commission had no independent authority and did not initiate any cases without the directive from the Minister of Internal Affairs. It was convened in 1852, 1857, 1861, 1879, and 1893
1858 — (12th of Tammuz, 5618) Edgar Mortara forcibly taken from his family, giving rise to the «Mortara Case,»
1901 — (7th of Tammuz, 5661) Start of the Jewish National Fund. The JNF or Keren Kayemeth LeIsrael was established at the Fifth Zionist Congress, which declared that «the fund shall be the property of the Jewish people as a whole». The purpose of the Fund was to collect money from Jews throughout the world to buy land in Palestine
1903 — (29 Sivan 5663) A circular from Foreign Minister Plehve was issued regarding the danger of the national-educational activities of Russian Zionists. It prohibited the propaganda and financial activities of Zionists and required increased surveillance of Jewish organizations to prevent them from coming under Zionist influence.
1941 — (29 Sivan 5701) Shoah. 200 Jews from the Lithuanian town of Keidany were killed.
1941 — (29 Sivan 5701) Shoah. The first abuses and murders of Jews by local residents began in the Polish town of Radzilov and continued daily, but the decisive outbreak of violence occurred on July 7. According to some reports, 500 of the 800 Jews of Radzilov were killed
1950 — (9th of Tammuz, 5710) An Italian ship filled with 300 Torah scrolls, ….. 2,000 prayer books and other religious items that had been left in Yemen by Jewish refugees docked at Elath after having sailed up the Gulf Aqaba, making it the first ship to use this route to reach the Jewish state. Up until now, Saudi Arabia and Egypt, who controlled the east and west sides of the Gulf had not allowed passage of any ships bound for Israel
1951 — (20th of Sivan, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported that Ffunerals took place of four Israeli soldiers killed in a clash with the Arab Legion near Kiryat Anavim
1968 — (28 Sivan 5728) After the ban on repatriation due to the Six-Day War, the emigration of Jews from the USSR to Israel was resumed.
1974 — (4 Tamuz 5734) Terrorist attack. An Arab killed a mother and her two children in Nahariya.
1982 — (3 Tamuz 5742) Operation «Peace for Galilee,» a fierce battle with the Syrians on the Damascus-Beirut highway; 16 of our soldiers were killed, and 47 were wounded. The IDF faced Syrian forces, Iraqi volunteers, and PLO militants.
1983 — (13 Tamuz 5743) Syria closed all PLO offices. Yasser Arafat was also expelled.
1987 — (27 Sivan 5747) The Knesset discussed a proposal for the «Lavi» project. Four days earlier, the government decided to close the development of this military fighter.
2002 — (14 Tamuz 5762) The public in Israel was presented with the new «Merkava-4» tank
2013 — (16th of Tammuz, 5773) At least 6 rockets were fired from the Gaza ….. Strip towards southern Israel very early this morning. Two of the rockets were intercepted by Israel’s Iron Dome missile defense system. The other rockets landed without causing any injuries. The areas that were hit include Rahat, in the Bnei Shimon Regional Council, Be’er Sheva and the Lachish Regional Council. Three more rockets were fired toward the Ashkelon area
2025 — (28 Sivan 5785) Operation «People as a Lion.» Day twelve. In the morning, a ceasefire came into effect. However, prior to this, Iran attacked Israel with ballistic missiles. One missile was intercepted; the second hit a house in Be’er Sheva. Five people were killed
People
1745 — (5 Tamuz 5505) Anton Divier, a companion of Peter the Great, died.
1852 — Viktor Adler was born—a revolutionary, organizer, and leader of the Austrian Social Democratic Party, who denied the existence of a Jewish nation. He died on November 11, 1918
1914 — Birthdate of Jan Karski, a Polish World War II resistance movement fighter who in 1942 and 1943 reported to the Polish government in exile and the Western Allies on the situation in German-occupied Poland, especially the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto, and the secretive Nazi extermination camps
1919 — (26 Sivan 5669) Shmuel Ettinger was born—an Israeli historian, public, and political figure. He died in 1988.
1924 — (22 Sivan 5684) Israel de Haan was killed by the Haganah—a Jewish political figure in Mandatory Palestine with anti-Zionist views, a journalist, and a poet.
1950 — (9 Tamuz 5710) Moshe Ya’alon was born—an Israeli politician, Chief of General Staff (2013-2016)
1968 — (28th of Sivan, 5728) Birthdate of Israeli chess grandmaster Boris Gelfand
2025 — (28 Sivan 5785) War in Gaza. Day six hundred twenty-seven. Lieutenant Matan Shay Yashinovsky, 21 years old, Sergeant Ronel Ben-Moshe, 20 years old, Sergeant Niv Radia, 20 years old, Sergeant Ronen Shapiro, 19 years old, Sergeant Shachar Manoav, 21 years old, Sergeant Maayan Baruch Perlstein, 20 years old from Ashkelon, and Sergeant Alon Davidov, 21 years old were killed