History events
-586 — (9th of Tammuz, 3174) King Nebuchadnezzar’s army broke through the walls of Jerusalem and entered the City of David
1182 — (21th of Tammuz, 4942) Phillip II, the seventeen year old French monarch “decreed the total expulsion of Jews from all royal possessions within two months. This was due in part to debts owed to Jewish moneylenders
1298 — (13th of Tammuz, 5058) Massacre of the Jews of Ifhauben, Austria
1322 — (8th of Tammuz, 5082) Charles IV of France expelled all the Jews from France without the promised one year’s warning. This marked the second expulsion of the Jews from France
1339 — (17th of Tammuz, 5099) A party commissioned by Pope Benedict XII to go to China ….. that included Giovanni de’ Marignolli left Constantinople and sailed across the Black Sea to Caffa. In 1342, following his arrival in China, Marginollia told of having engaged «in glorious disputations» in Beijing with both Muslims and Jews. This was one several reports of Jews living in China during the 14th century. These included Andrew of Perugia’s complaint in 1326 that “the Jews of Quanzhou obdurately refused to accede to his pleas that they undergo baptism” and the Muslim traveler ibn Battuta description of entering Hangzhou in 1346 “through a gate called the Jews’ Gate and statement that among the inhabitants of the city there were “Jews, Christians and sun-worshipping Turks.”
1648 — (14th of Tammuz, 5408) Jews treacherously murdered at Tulchin by Cossacks
1858 — (12th of Tammuz, 5618) Edgar Mortara forcibly taken from his family, giving rise to the «Mortara Case,»
1901 — (7th of Tammuz, 5661) Start of the Jewish National Fund. The JNF or Keren Kayemeth LeIsrael was established at the Fifth Zionist Congress, which declared that «the fund shall be the property of the Jewish people as a whole». The purpose of the Fund was to collect money from Jews throughout the world to buy land in Palestine
1950 — (9th of Tammuz, 5710) An Italian ship filled with 300 Torah scrolls, ….. 2,000 prayer books and other religious items that had been left in Yemen by Jewish refugees docked at Elath after having sailed up the Gulf Aqaba, making it the first ship to use this route to reach the Jewish state. Up until now, Saudi Arabia and Egypt, who controlled the east and west sides of the Gulf had not allowed passage of any ships bound for Israel
1951 — (20th of Sivan, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported that Ffunerals took place of four Israeli soldiers killed in a clash with the Arab Legion near Kiryat Anavim
2013 — (16th of Tammuz, 5773) At least 6 rockets were fired from the Gaza ….. Strip towards southern Israel very early this morning. Two of the rockets were intercepted by Israel’s Iron Dome missile defense system. The other rockets landed without causing any injuries. The areas that were hit include Rahat, in the Bnei Shimon Regional Council, Be’er Sheva and the Lachish Regional Council. Three more rockets were fired toward the Ashkelon area
People
1914 — Birthdate of Jan Karski, a Polish World War II resistance movement fighter who in 1942 and 1943 reported to the Polish government in exile and the Western Allies on the situation in German-occupied Poland, especially the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto, and the secretive Nazi extermination camps
1968 — (28th of Sivan, 5728) Birthdate of Israeli chess grandmaster Boris Gelfand