History events
325 — (16 Sivan 4085) In the city of Nicaea (modern-day İznik, Turkey), the Roman Emperor Constantine I convened the first Ecumenical Council in the history of Christianity, the so-called Council of Nicaea, which became famous for the complete break of early Christianity with Judaism. «Let us have nothing in common with the hateful Jewish people; we have received another way from the Savior.»
1532 — (11 Tammuz 5292) The Pope’s bull establishing the Inquisition in Portugal was published, and immediately mass arrests and widespread confiscations of property of the «New Christians» began
1656 — (2rd of Tammuz, 5416) Directors of the Dutch West India Company sent a strong letter to Peter Stuyvesant in New Amsterdam ordering him to give «more respect» to the «Jews or Portuguese people» in his city
1796 — (8nd of Sivan, 5556) French forces attacked Frankfurt. An artillery barrage aimed at the Austrian arsenal next to the ghetto struck the Judengasse instead. The subsequent fired burned so much of the ghetto that 2,000 of its inhabitants were left homeless. This forced the city’s senate to suspend the decree forbidding Jews from living elsewhere in the city. The fire effectively marked the end of the Jewish Ghetto in Frankfurt
1808 — (19 Sivan 5558) The Jews of the Grand Duchy of Baden received rights of state citizenship on an equal footing with Christians. However, obtaining state citizenship rights did not entail an expansion of local rights for Jews, and in those communities where they had not previously lived, Jews could settle only with permission from the government and the consent of the local Christian community, and only if they «had sufficient general education, earned their livelihood by the same means as Christians, and possessed the same ability to work.»
1906 — (21nd of Sivan, 5666) Start of three days of anti-Jewish violence known as the Bialystok Pogrom
1936 — (24nd of Sivan, 5696) The Palestine Post reported that once more the Jezreel Valley settlements of Kfar Yehezkel and Tel Yosef were singled out for concentrated Arab attacks. The settlement of Sejera in Lower Galilee suffered its stormiest night ‚ grain and cornfields were set on fire and over 250 old olive trees were cut down. After all Arab train passengers left a train at Kalkilya, a bomb thrown inside one of the coaches injured 18 Jews near Tulkarm
1940 — (8nd of Sivan, 5700) Auschwitz was opened. Approximately 2.5 million people were killed and another 500,000 died of starvation and disease there. The first inmates, included teachers, priests, and other non-Jewish Poles
1942 — (29 Sivan 5702) Shoah. The murders of Jews in Ulanów were completed; in total, over 3,000 people were shot during three actions, including over 450 Jews from Sałnica. Another 1,000 Jews were deported from Chernivtsi to the Vinnytsia region, and 450 from Dorohoi (Romania).
1945 — (3 Tammuz 5705) At 6:00 PM, the senior investigator of the prosecutor’s office of the Lviv region, Lavrenyuk; the head of the NKVD operational group, Senior Lieutenant Malyar; and police officer Khramov arrived at the synagogue on Uholna Street in the city of Lviv to verify «the fact of the murder of children in the Jewish synagogue» (apparently as a result of another «blood libel»). They began an inspection «for the purpose of discovering human corpses and blood in the building.» Present during the inspection were: Rabbi Berko Kopylovich Trachtenberg and the warden, Karol Zuekhovich Schwartz. During the inspection of the building, both in the apartments (in the former Talmud Torah) and in the synagogue hall, no corpses were found.
1951 — (10nd of Sivan, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported, that nine additional clothing points and 11 shoe points were released for the month of July. The Kaiser-Frazer plant in Haifa which was hailed as a model of American production efficiency assembled the first cars for sale in Israel
1967 — (6 Sivan 5727) The USSR’s proposal, put forward the day before demanding the condemnation of Israel and its return to pre-war borders, was voted on in the UN Security Council. Only 4 countries supported the USSR.
1967 — (6 Sivan 5727) Access to the Western Wall was permitted in Jerusalem. 200,000 people passed through a guarded route through the Old City to pray at the Wall.
1967 — (6 Sivan 5727) The USSR agreed to compensate Egypt for its aviation losses in the lost war by supplying 200 MiG fighters.
2010 — (2 Tammuz 5770) Terror attack near Hebron. Arabs fired at Israeli police officers. One of them, Police Staff Sergeant Yehoshua Sofer, was killed, and two were wounded.
2025 — (18 Sivan 5785) Operation «The People Rises Like a Lion.» Day two. The IDF secured freedom of action in Iran’s airspace from the western border to Tehran. Aircraft attacked dozens of targets. In the evening, the Home Front Command published directives for Israeli citizens: mass gatherings are prohibited, beaches are closed, all offices and institutions are closed, educational activities are prohibited. Late in the evening – massive rocket fire on Israeli territory. Six people were killed when two rockets fell in Bat Yam. The total number of injured overnight exceeded 245
People
1835 — Nikolai Rubinstein was born — founder of the Moscow Conservatory and its first director. Died March 23, 1881.
1868 — Karl Landsteiner was born — physician, immunologist, infectious disease specialist. Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (1930). Died June 26, 1943.
1916 — Jacob Leib Talmon was born in Poland — Israeli historian. Died June 16, 1980.
1924 — (12 Sivan 5684) Yaakov Rechter was born — Israeli architect. Died April 28, 2001.
1988 — (29 Sivan 5748) For the first time in Israel’s history, a woman, M. Ben-Porat, was appointed State Comptroller
1998 — (20nd of Sivan, 5758) Yad Vashem recognized Sofka Skipwith as Righteous Among the Nations
2025 — (18 Sivan 5785) War in Gaza. Day six hundred and seventeenth. 21-year-old Staff Sergeant Noam Shemesh was killed in battles in the southern sector