History events
1488 — (22th of Av, 5248) Sixteen Jews were burned at the stake in Barcelona
1492 — (9th of Av, 5252) The entire Jewish Community, numbering 200,000 souls was expelled from Spain
1494 — (27th of Av, 5254) In Toledo, an especially large auto da fé was held today with 16 persons from Guadalajara, Alcalá de Henares, and Toledo burned to death and 30 more condemned to life imprisonment
1882 — (14 Av 5642) Birth of Rishon Lezion
1918 — (21 Av 5678) Weapons were distributed to the soldiers of the Palestinian Jewish regiment of His Majesty’s army. The regiment was created to participate in the liberation of Eretz-Israel from the Turks, but it did not take part.
1920 — (15 Av 5680) The military administration of Palestine was replaced by a civilian one. The first High Commissioner, Herbert Samuel, arrived in Jerusalem
1936 — (11th of Av, 5696) The Palestine Post ….. reported on the appointment in London of the Royal Commission for Palestine, chaired by Earl Peel. Other members were Sir Horace Rumboldt, Sir Laurie Hammond, Sir Morris Carter, Sir Harold Morris and Professor Reginald Coupland. The commission’s terms of reference were «to ascertain the underlying causes of the disturbances… to inquire into the manner in which the Mandate was implemented in relation to the obligations of the Mandatory towards the Arabs and Jews… to study legitimate grievances and make recommendations for their removal and for the prevention of their recurrence.»
1941 — (6th of Av, 5701) At Ponar, outside of Vilna, approximately, 150 Jews are shot. Most of the victims are elderly
1941 — (6 Av 5701) Holocaust. In Goroshki (Zhytomyr region), the 3rd battalion of the 375th infantry regiment shot several dozen Jews. Apparently on the same day, the 8th SS infantry regiment executed part of the Jews in Poninka (Khmelnytsky region)
1942 — (16 Av 5702) Holocaust. In Olyka (Volyn region), more than 4,000 Jews were shot
1942 — (16th of Av, 5702) German SS kills 25,000 Jews in Minsk, Belorussia
1943 — (27th of Tammuz, 5703) First publication of Mishmar, a newspaper owned by Hashomer Hatzair that would be re-named Al HaMishmar
1946 — (2th of Av, 5706) A three-day pogrom began in Miskolc, Hungary
1947 — (13 Av 5707) Execution of two British sergeants by Jewish underground fighters in response to the killing of comrades on July 29
1951 — (26th of Tammuz, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported that more than 1,500 polling stations opened to admit an estimated 880,000 voters for the Second Knesset. There were 17 lists of political parties contesting for the election of 120 Knesset members. About 75,000 Arabs were eligible to vote
1970 — (26th of Tammuz, 5730) Israeli airmen shot down four MIGs flown by Russian pilots over the Suez Canal. This marked the first military encounter between Israeli and Russian forces
1980 — (17th of Av, 5740) The Knesset passed the “The Jerusalem Law” establishing Jerusalem as the capital of the State of Israel
1987 — (4 Av 5747) The government decided to cease work on the «Lavi» fighter jet for the Air Force. In exchange, the U.S. committed to supplying Israel with 150 F-16 aircraft. The «Lavi» project lasted for 5 years, but according to American economists, it could not be self-sustaining.
1997 — (25 Tammuz 5757) Terrorist attack. A blast at the Mahane Yehuda market in Jerusalem killed 13 and injured 120. Two suicide bombers specifically chose the busiest trading hour just before the onset of the Sabbath
2006 — (5th of Av, 5766) Hezbollah fired a record 140 Katyusha rockets at targets in northern Israel today wounding at least eight people
2007 — (15 Av 5767) The daily newspaper «Israel Hayom,» owned by businessman Sheldon Adelson, began publication in Israel
2011 — (28th of Tammuz, 5771) Hundreds of thousands of Israelis took part in protests held in cities across the country tonight, the largest collaborative protest yet in a popular movement over social issues that has swept the country in the past two weeks
2015 — (14 Av 5775) At 5:39 AM, an earthquake measuring 4.2 struck Israel. Its epicenter was located in the Dead Sea area at a great depth. Weak tremors were observed in the south and central parts of the country.
2025 — (5 Av 5785) Reports emerged that during sifting work on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, archaeologists discovered a ceramic seal-bulla dated to the First Temple period. The inscription on the seal reads “Lydia Asiyahu.” Scholars realized this refers to Lydia Asiyahu, mentioned in Scripture among the members of the delegation sent by the king to the prophetess Huldah to inquire whether Jerusalem was indeed destined for destruction
People
1893 — Blanche Wolf-Knopf was born — one of a small group of women in the United States who successfully engaged in publishing. She died on June 4, 1966.
1910 — (23 Tammuz 5670) Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach was born — one of the greatest Torah scholars of our time. He died in 1995
1937 — Pierre-Marie Gerlier who would be posthumously awarded the title Righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem in 1981 was named Archbishop of Lyon today
1948 — Irina Viner was born — a Soviet rhythmic gymnastics coach.
1992 — (29 Tammuz 5752) Yael Arad won a silver medal in judo in the 61 kg category at the Olympic Games in Barcelona. This was the first Olympic medal for Israeli athletes.
1997 — (25th of Tammuz, 5757) Lev Desyatnik, 60, of Jerusalem; ….. Regina Giber, 76, of Jerusalem; Valentina Kovalenko, 67, of Jerusalem; Shmuel Malka, 44, of Mevaseret Zion; David Nasco, 44, of Mevaseret Zion; Muhi A-din Othman, 33, of Eilabun; Simha Fremd, 92, of Jerusalem; Gregory Paskhovitz, 15, of Jerusalem; Leah Stern, 50, of Jerusalem; Rachel Tejgatrio, 83, of Jerusalem; Liliya Zelezniak, 47, of Jerusalem; Shalom (Golan) Zevulun, 52, of Jerusalem and Mark Rabinowitz, 80, of Jerusalem were murdered by Hamas today at Mahane Yehuda Market
2014 — (3rd of Av, 5774) St.-Sgt. Matan Gotlib, 21, from Rishon Lezion, St.-Sgt.Omer Hay, 21, from Savyon, and St.-Sgt. Guy Algranati, 20, from Tel Aviv “were killed this morning in Gaza in an explosion at a booby-trapped UNRWA health clinic that housed a tunnel entry shaft.”