History events
1475 — (28th of Tammuz, 5235) Meshullam Cusi Rafa ben Moses Jacob established the first Hebrew press in Italy at Piove di Sacco near Padua and printed Jacob ben Asher’s Arbah Turim. The same year he also printed a Slichot
1492 — (8 Tammuz 5252) In Naples, a mystical commentary on the Pentateuch written in 1291 by Bahya ben Asher ben Klava was published by the printer Azriel ben Joseph Ashkenazi Gunzenhauser.
1738 — (26 Tammuz 5498) A decree expelling Jews from the Duchy of Courland.
1741 — (1 Av 5501) The beginning of the aliyah of Rabbi Chaim bar Moshe Ibn Attar (see June 26, 1743) and his students. The author of the book «Or HaChaim» departed from the port of Livorno with a group of his students and their families — a total of about thirty people. They reached Alexandria by ship, and then, at the end of the month of Elul 5501 (1741), they disembarked at the port of Acco
1840 — (2th of Tammuz, 5600) Mansion House meeting in London protests against the outrages of the Damascus Affair
1851 — (3 Tammuz 5611) A major fire destroyed a large part of the city of Lubavitch. The home of the third Rebbe of the Chabad Hasidim, Rabbi Menachem Mendel of Lubavitch, burned down, and many valuable manuscripts of Hasidic teachings were lost in the fire
1868 — (13th of Tammuz, 5628) Religious freedom proclaimed in Germany
1918 — (23 Tammuz 5678) A parade of volunteers from the Jewish regiment took place in Tel Aviv. The regiment, numbering more than 700 men, was created as a unit of the British army in hopes of participating in the liberation of the Land of Israel from the Turks. It consisted of Jews from Jaffa and Jerusalem
1936 — (13th of Tammuz, 5696) Jewish stores were sacked and several Jews were wounded by Moslems in Gafsa and Sousse Tunisia which led the Jewish merchants in Sousse to barricade “themselves in their shops” and fight “off attacking Moslems with rifle and pistol fire” while they awaited the arrival troops who were supposed to restore order
1939 — (16th of Tammuz, 5699) A sailboat of unknown nationality arrived in Haifa flying the blue and white colors of the Zionist cause. British police boarded the boat “where they found 697 Jewish immigrants including 192 women and 37 children.” The immigrants are classified as “illegal” and their total will be deducted from the pitifully small allotment of Jews allowed to enter Palestine under the White Paper.
1939 — (16 Tammuz 5699) An order from the Central Command of Haganah to provide all possible assistance to its members in illegal aliyah
1939 — (16th of Tammuz, 5699) Tonight, Arabs attacked Tel Hayim, a settlement near Tel Aviv, killing one Jewish supernumerary
1941 — (8th of Tammuz, 5701) Нolocaust. ….. One hundred Jews are murdered at Bialystok, Poland; In the Ukraine, 3500 Jews are killed at Zloczow and hundreds die at Drohobycz; Fifty Jews in Novogroduk, Belorussia, who volunteer for a German-organized Jewish council, «disappear.» Another 50, selected at random, are shot in the town square to the accompaniment of music played by a German band
1942 — (18 Tammuz 5702) PALMAH units, under the orders of the General Staff of Haganah, set off to the south of the Land of Israel to repel a possible German invasion. However, it soon turned out that the British had no weapons for them
1951 — (29th of Sivan, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported that ….. the first reading of the Women’s Equal Rights Bill was passed by the Knesset. The Knesset had also passed a bill empowering the government to float loans up to IL5m. from financial institutions to be applied to the defense budget. 128,223 new immigrants entered the country during the first six months of 1951. Since the state was established in 1948, 638,597 immigrants arrived
1967 — (25 Sivan 5727) 500 prominent residents of Bethlehem appealed to the Israeli government to annex the city, like Jerusalem. It became clear that the townspeople were expecting a swift peace agreement, the return of Jordanian sovereignty over Judea and Samaria, and therefore an undesirable rupture of economic ties with Jerusalem. Eshkol refused
1976 — (5th of Tammuz, 5736) By the end of Day 7 the rescue mission portion of Operation Thunderbolt had been completed as Hercules Four flown Amnon Halivni took off from Entebbe and headed for Kenya carrying all of the hostages with the exception of Dora Bloch who was in a Ugandan hospital.
1982 — (12 Tammuz 5742) A mass demonstration by the «Peace Now» organization took place in Tel Aviv, demanding the cessation of the Lebanon campaign. The organization was concerned about the heavy losses among Israeli soldiers and, no less, the suffering of the peaceful Arab population of Lebanon
1989 — (30th of Sivan, 5749) Opening of the Thirteenth Maccabiah
2009 — (11 Tammuz 5769) A fire in the industrial zone of Ofakim. The Denber paint factory burned down. About 20 firefighters and 13 pieces of equipment participated in the firefighting efforts. Fire brigades from Be’er Sheva and Ashkelon arrived on the scene, and special aviation was also involved. Only by morning did the firefighters manage to extinguish the blaze.
2015 — (16 Tammuz 5775) A new circular cycling track about 12 km long was opened in the northern part of Ben Shemen Forest.
2023 — (14 Tammuz 5783) A large-scale counter-terrorism operation titled «House with a Palisade» began in Jenin. More than a thousand troops, aviation, armored vehicles, and engineering units participated. It lasted until July 5. It was the first military operation of such scale in Jenin since the anti-terrorism operation «Defensive Shield» was conducted there in 2002.
2024 — (27 Sivan 5784) A terrorist attack at the Carmiel shopping center; an Israeli Arab stabbed two soldiers, one of whom died. The Arab was shot.
People
1688 — (15 Tammuz 5448) The outstanding Italian rabbi and Kabbalah scholar Immanuel-Chai bar Abraham Riki was born. He died in 1743
1785 — (Tammuz 25, 5545) Rabbi Aryeh Leib Gunsberg died at the age of 90. His works are still widely studied today.
1844 — (16 Tammuz 5604) Dunkmar Adler, an American architect, was born in Germany to the family of Rabbi Liebman Adler.
1852 — (16 Tammuz 5612) Rafael Yoshefi, an American pianist and music educator, was born.
1863 — (16 Tammuz 5623) Joseph Barondes, an American public figure and one of the founders of the American Jewish Congress, was born. He died on June 19, 1928.
1881 — (6th of Tammuz, 5641) Birthdate of Dov Ber Borochov, the son of Russian school teachers who in his brief life left his imprint on “the study of Yiddish” and the Labor Zionist movement
1883 — (28th of Sivan, 5643) In Prague, “Hermann Kafka the fourth child of Jakob Kafka, a shochet or ritual slaughterer in Osek, a Czech village with a large Jewish population located near Strakonice in southern Bohemia” NS and his wife “Julie, the daughter of Jakob Löwy, a prosperous retail merchant in Poděbrady” gave birth to author Franz Kafka
1885 — Louis Mayer, one of the founders of the American film industry and a film producer, head of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film company, was born. He died on October 29, 1957.
1895 — Mark Reisen, an opera singer, was born. He died on November 25, 1992.
1899 — Sir Ludwig Guttmann, a German neurosurgeon and founder of the Paralympic movement, was born. He died on March 18, 1980
1904 — (20th of Tammuz, 5664) Theodor Herzl, Zionist leader, died
1917 — Misha Lev, a Yiddish writer, was born.
1921 — Rabbi Levi Yitzhak Halevi Horowitz, a member of the Council of Sages, was born. He died in 2009.
1925 — Anatoly Efros, a film and theater director, was born. He died on January 13, 1987.
1936 — (13th of Tammuz, 5696): German Jew Stefan Lux kills himself in the assembly room of the League of Nations in Geneva, Switzerland. The suicide is in protest of Germany’s persecution of Jews. He was an early supporter of Theodore Herzl and Zionism but curtailed his efforts following the Great War
1949 — (6th of Tammuz, 5709) David Ben-Gurion issued a public exoneration of Meir Tubiansky and restitution of his rank and rights. Four days later his body was re-buried on Mount Herzl. In November 1949, after a trial at which Binyamin Gibli appeared as a witness for the prosecution, Isser Be’eri was found guilty of manslaughter
2024 — (27 Sivan 5784) War with Gaza. Day two hundred seventy-one. Captain Eli Elisha Lugasi, 21 years old, and Captain Roy Miller, 21 years old, were killed; two soldiers were seriously wounded