History events
-1313 — (28 Av 2448 BCE) Moses descended from the mountain, carved new tablets, and made a wooden ark for them. In the morning, he ascended the mountain with the tablets, to God.
-1312 — (10 Av 2449 BCE) That night, all the spies, except for Joshua and Caleb, wandered through the tents, frightening the children of Israel with the might and strength of the inhabitants of Canaan.
-1312 — (10 Av 2449 BCE) At dawn, the children of Israel decided to enter Canaan, saying, «We are ready to go up to the place that God spoke of, for we understand that we have sinned.» But Moses tried to stop them: «Why do you violate the command of God?! For you will not succeed in this! Do not go, for God is not among you — you will fall by the sword because you have turned away from God.» The children of Israel boldly ascended the mountain where the Canaanites lived, while Moses remained in the camp with the ark containing the tablets. The Jews were defeated and fled to the camp
1306 — (10th of Av, 5066) Philip the Fair of France arrested all the Jews, confiscated their property, and expelled them from his lands
1320 — (16 Av 5080) King of France Philip V the Tall (1316–22), after suppressing the shepherds’ uprising (see July 7), ordered the affected communities to be exempt from taxes, but refused to assist in the return of forcibly baptized children to their families
1472 — (17th of Av, 5232) Menahem ben Nethaneel Raphael Trabot” a member of family scholars living in Italy during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries “purchased Codex Turin A. vii. 18” today
1489 — (24th of Av, 5249) In Soncino, printer Joshua Solomon Soncino produced the first copy Talmud Bavil, Tractate “Niddah.”
1648 — (13th of Av, 5408) About 10,000 Jews slain at Polonnoye, near Jitomir
1911 — (26 Tammuz 5671) In Kiev, M. Beilis was arrested on suspicion of murdering a boy
1917 — (3 Av 5677) A conference of the Social-Democratic Workers’ Party «Poalei Zion» opened in Moscow.
1918 — (13th of Av, 5678) British General Allenby approved a town-planning scheme for Jerusalem complete with an expanded road network, new parks and municipal and residential buildings
1920 — (7 Av 5680) At a conference in London, the main financial body of the World Zionist Organization and the Jewish Agency was established, which took on the function of financing all activities of the World Zionist Organization.
1938 — (23 Tammuz 5698) Terrorist attack. Three members of Kibbutz Ramat HaKovesh were killed in an Arab ambush while traveling to work in the fields. The truck that came under fire overturned. Arabs attempted to finish off the remaining people, but faced resistance in hand-to-hand combat and retreated, suffering losses.
1941 — (27 Tammuz 5701) Shoah. In Velikie Mosty (Lviv region), over 100 Jews from the intelligentsia were shot; in Dubno (Rovno region) — 83 Jews; in Lyuboml (Volyn region) — about 400 Jews; in Kryzhopol (Vinnytsia region) — 14 Jews; and in Drohobych (Lviv region) — 20 Jews.
1941 — (27 Tammuz 5701) Shoah. Pogrom in the Polish town of Goniądz. The Polish civil police killed more than 20 Jews and subjected others to torture and violence. Along with the bodies of the tortured, several people were buried alive on the so-called «Cholera Hill.» Survivors — about 1300 Jews — were deported to the nearby Jewish ghetto. The local Judenrat then appealed to the Germans stationed in the neighboring town for help. The commander of the garrison even arrived at the scene and judged the Poles, sentencing 17 of the 70 accused to death — not for the murders of Jews, but for the theft of their property, which was formally considered the property of the Reich.
1941 — (27 Tammuz 5701) Shoah. In France, the Vichy government adopted a law providing for the confiscation of Jewish businesses, which were placed under the control of a «temporary administration.»
1942 — (8th of Av, 5702) Нolocaust. ….. On the day before Tisha B’Av German authorities and Ukrainian and Latvian guards in SS uniforms surround the walls of the Warsaw Ghetto. Six thousand Warsaw Jews were told to gather for deportation. Over the next seven weeks as many as 300,000 Jews would be sent by train to the three gas chambers of Treblinka. The railway master at Treblinka was notified of a shuttle line being set up between Warsaw and its railroad station for «Settlers.” THIS WAS THE LARGEST SLAUGHTER OF ANY SINGLE COMMUNITY DURING THE HOLOCAUST. From July 22 through September 12, 1942: 4,000 Warsaw Jews per day would be gassed in Treblinka. Only those with special cards stamped with ‘Operation Reihnard’, an eagle and the swastika were saved from deportation. Resisters or those taking flight would be shot on the spot by Ukrainians, Latvians, Lithuanians and German SS officers. Orphanages, children homes, hospitals, were all emptied. Each train was comprised of sixty cars. Each car was packed with human cargo
1942 — (8 Av 5702) Shoah. 820 Jews from Stara Ushytsia and Studenitsa (Khmelnytskyi region) were shot; artisans with their families were relocated to the Kamianets-Podilskyi ghetto
1946 — (23th of Tammuz, 5706) The Irgun bombed the King David Hotel in Jerusalem. ….. The King David was the headquarters of the British civil and military administration. Ninety people, including Jews, lost their lives. The Irgun, led by Menachem Begin, claimed that they had called ahead to warn of the bombing. The British denied receiving any such call. The Jewish Agency, the de facto government of the Jews in Palestine and other Jewish leaders, denounced the attack. There was a «moment of mourning» on July 23 as the Jewish community paused to honor the dead. The attack marked a split between the recently agreed to alliance between the Haganah and the Irgun
1948 — (15th of Tammuz, 5708) The Israelis opened the refineries at Haifa. They had been closed since the British shut them down on April 26 in the waning days of the Mandate
1951 — (18th of Tammuz, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported ….. that 69-year-old King Abdullah of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan was assassinated inside al-Aksa Mosque in the Jordanian-held Old City of Jerusalem. King Abdullah was known for his efforts to reach an Arab-Israeli peace settlement. In his memoirs he wrote: «I have been astonished at what I saw of the Jewish settlements: They have colonized sand dunes, drawn water from them, and transformed them into paradise…»
1957 — (23 Tammuz 5717) David Ben-Gurion informed the Knesset about a letter from the widow of Baron James de Rothschild, who bequeathed 1.25 million pounds for the construction of a permanent Knesset building
1980 — (9th of Av, 5740) The Knesset voted by ninety-nine votes to fifty-one to annex east Jerusalem declaring that ‘Jerusalem, complete and undivided, is the capital of Israel.’
1987 — (25 Tammuz 5747) Rabbi Kahane presented a bill to the Knesset regarding the Temple Mount, which included freedom of access for Jews and their right to pray there, and transferring control over it from the Muslim Waqf to the Chief Rabbinate. It was not passed
2006 — (26th of Tammuz, 5766) Israel ousted Hezbollah guerrillas ….. from a stronghold just inside Lebanon after several days of fierce fighting, the army said, as it bombarded targets across the south of the country. Israel Defense Forces ground forces commander Major-General Benny Gantz said troops took the hilltop village of Maroun Ras, where four soldiers were killed last Thursday, inflicting dozens of casualties on Hezbollah. IDF troops took positions in the vicinity of Maroun Ras, in southern Lebanon, on Saturday and carried out operations to detect rocket launchers and underground bunkers where Hezbollah militants are holed up; At least 100 Katyusha Rockets fired by Hezbollah forces in Lebanon land in northern Israel. At least nineteen Israeli civilians are reported injured
2007 — (7 Av 5767) 15 soldiers from one of the battalions of the Golani Brigade left a guard post in the southern part of the Gaza Strip. After negotiations with the unit commander, they returned but received from 7 to 28 days of confinement. According to the soldiers, they resorted to these extreme measures in protest against the unbearable conditions of service
2008 — (19th of Tammuz, 5768) For the second time in three weeks, an Arab bulldozer driver from east Jerusalem rammed his construction vehicle into a city bus and several cars on a central thoroughfare in the capital wounding 15 people before being shot dead by a Druse border police officer and a civilian passerby
2018 — (10 Av 5778) Israel’s youth basketball team (players under 20) became the European champion, defeating Croatia 80:66 in the tournament final.
2025 — (26 Tammuz 5785) A new synagogue was opened at the southern rest station of the Trans-Israel Highway. Until now, there was only a synagogue at the northern rest station
People
-462 — (9 Av 3299) Jeremiah ben Hilkiah was born — one of the greatest prophets of the people of Israel. He died no later than the year 3390 (-370).
1626 — (9 Av 5386) (Or 26th) Shabbetai Tzvi, or Sabbatai Zevi, was born — a false messiah, leader of a mass movement in the 17th century that affected nearly all Jewish communities. He died in 1676
1849 — (3th of Av, 5609) In New York, the former Esther Nathan and Moses Lazarus gave birth to poet Emma Lazarus who became famous as the author of «The New Colossus»
1878 — (21th of Tammuz, 5638) Birthdate of Janusz Korczak, Polish born Jewish pediatrician who used the pen name of Henryk Goldszmit as an author of children’s book
1888 — (14 Av 5648) Selman Waksman was born — a microbiologist. He discovered a number of antibiotics and in 1944 received streptomycin — the first effective treatment for tuberculosis, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1952. He died on August 16, 1973.
1890 — (5 Av 5650) Theodosia Goodman was born — a famous American silent film actress. She died on April 7, 1955.
1903 — Ami Asaf was born — a public and state figure in Israel. He died on May 17, 1963.
1906 — (29 Tammuz 5666) Alfred Dreyfus, accused of treason in 1894 and sentenced to life imprisonment in French Guiana, was rehabilitated and awarded the Legion of Honor.
1907 — (11th of Av, 5667) Rabbi Isaac Blaser, leader of the Musar movement and the author of Peri Yizhak, passed away
1914 — (28 Tammuz 5674) Haviva Reich was born — a Resistance fighter, executed by the fascists on November 20, 1944.
1934 — L. Rothman was born — a Romanian athlete, Olympic champion in canoeing in 1956.
1939 — Gil Almahor was born — an Israeli theater and film actress..
2018 — (10th of Av, 5778) The motif of Tisha B’Av becomes even more mournful as all decent people lament the death of 21 year old Staff Sgt. Avi Levi who was murdered by a sniper during one of Hamas’ “peaceful protests” on the border between Gaza and Israel