History events
1385 — (7 Av 5145) All Jews of Nuremberg were arrested and released from prison only after signing commitments by which the city authorities received a significant sum — 80,000 guilders.
1489 — (18 Av 5249) Commentaries on the Torah by Moses ben Nachman (Nachmanides) were published in Lisbon. The book became the first printed work in the capital of Portugal
1882 — (29th of Tammuz, 5642) As of today, there were 250,000 Jews living in the United States.
1921 — (10 Tammuz 5681) Civil War. Pogrom in the town of Kovchitsy, Bobruisk district
1936 — (26th of Tammuz, 5696) The Palestine Post reported that, тhe Manchester Guardian wrote that Jewish immigration to Palestine had never been allowed to keep pace with the «absorptive capacity.» The Arab population had increased from 500,000 in 1922 to 850,000 in 1936, because Palestine became more attractive by the Jewish influx
1942 — (2th of Av, 5702) Нolocaust. ….. The first train with Jews from Holland left for a killing camp; On order from Pierre Laval, the Prime Minister of the Vichy French government, between 13,000 and 20,000 Jews living in Paris were rounded up by the French police for deportation. This was known as “La Grande Rafle” or the Big Sweep. The group of Jews in this round up is primarily German and Austrian born Jews who were living in the French capital. The first one thousand would be deported three days later on a so-called «Eichmann Train.» There were no protests from the Parisians
1942 — (2 Av 5702) Shoah. In Berdichev (Zhytomyr region), 800–900 Jews were shot — local artisans with their families and those brought in May–June from Yanushpol, Kazatin, Andrushevka, Ruzhin. The Ortskommandantur 11/576 in Bakhchisarai reported on this day: «The SD reports that from July 1–15, 1942, it uncovered and drowned 1,029 Jews, 11 communists, 18 Krymchaks, and 2 partisans.»
1948 — (9th of Tammuz, 5708) War of Independence. ….. After fierce fighting, the Israelis successfully took Nazareth; The Irgun planned to make one more attempt to re-take the Old City, “a day before the second cease-fire” was set to begin; The Arab Liberation Army completed its evacuation of Ein Kerem, a village which would be incorporated into the municipal boundaries of Jerusalem; During Operation Dekel, the Israeli 7th Armored Brigade took the villages of Amqa, al-Damun and Lubya; Operation Death to the Invader, an Israeli military operation designed “to link Jewish villages in the Negev with the rest of Israel” began this evening; David Ben Gurion noted in his diary today the arrival of three B-17’s in Israel “and mentioned that they had already been used for several bombing runs in Egypt. These were the only “heavy bombers” the Israelis had. Known as 69 Squadron they had been obtained by Charles Winters who was known as “the godfather of the Israeli air force”
1950 — (2 Av 5710) Israel. To avoid a strike, judges’ salaries were increased by 50%.
1951 — (12th of Tammuz, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported that thousands of apartment-seeking Israelis registered for the government’s popular housing scheme. There were long queues for domestic ice delivery in Jerusalem. Shoe sales increased considerably after 17 new shoe ration points went into effect
1951 — (12 Tammuz 5711) The Knesset passed a law on the equality of men and women in all areas of life
1955 — (26 Tammuz 5715) The Israeli Navy acquired 2 British destroyers, named «Yaffa» and «Eilat.»
1967 — (8th of Tammuz, 5727) A young Kibbutznik got out of his jeep at Aalleiqa, an abandoned Syrian Army base on the Golan Heights, and became the first settler in the Golan. He would be joined by other secular Jews in the next few days and they would form the kibbutz now known as Merom Golan
1977 — (1 Av 5737) In Bnei Brak, ultra-Orthodox groups demanded that streets be closed to buses and cars on Shabbat. A rioting mob attacked a police station.
1997 — (11 Tammuz 5757) Opening of the Maccabiah Games. During the opening ceremony, a bridge over the Yarkon River, specially built for the event, collapsed under the feet of the delegation from Australia. Four Australians died, and many were injured. July 17 was declared a day of mourning. However, the Maccabiah Games were still held.
2001 — (25 Tammuz 5761) Terrorist attack. Bomb explosion at a bus stop near the settlement of Binyamin. 2 dead, about 19 wounded
2002 — (7th of Av, 5762) Nine people, including an eight-month-old infant, were killed and 20 injured in a terrorist attack on Dan bus #189 traveling from Bnei Brak to Emmanuel in Samaria
2008 — (13 Tammuz 5768) Exchange of five Lebanese terrorists for the bodies of two Israeli reserve soldiers, Ehud Goldwasser and Eldad Regev, who were abducted by Hezbollah on July 12, 2006
People
1829 — (15th of Tammuz, 5589) Graziadio Isaiah Ascoli, Italian philologist, born
1874 — (2 Av 5634) Joseph Goldberger was born — an epidemiologist. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize five times. Died January 17, 1929.
1902 — Alexander Luria was born — a psychologist, founder of Russian neuropsychology. Died August 14, 1977.
1908 — (17 Tammuz 5668) Yizhar Harari was born — a Knesset member of the first through seventh convocations. His compromise proposal, known in literature as the «Harari Bill,» led to the existence of Basic Laws in Israel instead of a constitution.
1912 — (2th of Av, 5672) Harry Horowitz and three other Jewish gangsters gunned down bookmaker Herman Rosenthal two days after he had complained that that “his illegal casinos had been badly damaged by the greed of New York City Police Lt. Charles Becker and his associates
1924 — (14 Tammuz 5684) Bess Myerson was born, chosen on September 8, 1945, as «Miss America.» Died December 14, 2014
1928 — Robert Sheckley was born — an American writer. Died December 9, 2005
1955 — (26th of Tammuz, 5715) Birthdate of Zohar Argov “a popular Israeli singer who provided a distinctive voice in the Mizrahi music scene
1970 — (12th of Tammuz, 5730) Haim-Moshe Shapira, an Israeli political leader who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence in 1948 passed away. He was Israel’s first Minister of Health and Minister of Immigration
1995 — (18th of Tammuz, 5755) Lt. Gen. Mordechai «Motta» Gur, former Chief of Staff of the IDF passed away. He is best remembered as the commander of the brigade that liberated the Old City of Jerusalem in June, 1967