History events
1099 — (21th of Tammuz, 4859) Godfrey of Bouillon takes Jerusalem, and nearly all the Jews there are slaughtered
1148 — (24th of Tammuz, 4908) Anti-Jewish riots take place in Cordova, Spain
1863 (26 Tammuz 5623) — The first issue of the Hebrew newspaper Havatzelet (The Lily) was published in Jerusalem. It was originally conceived as a monthly publication, but from the second issue in 1864 it became a weekly
1878 — (12th of Tammuz, 5638) Berlin Congress inserts clause 44 into its treaty
1887 (21 Tammuz 5647) — Russian Minister of Public Education Count I. Delyanov sent Circular No. 9817 to the trustees of educational districts — on the introduction of the so‑called “percentage quota for persons of the Jewish faith”. According to it, the share of Jews in secondary schools within the Pale of Settlement was limited to 10 % of the total number of students, while outside it and for both capitals the quotas were set at 5 % and 3 %. Five days later, these percentage quotas were extended to higher education institutions as well. Jews who had converted to Orthodoxy were exempt from the quota regulations. Following the Ministry of Public Education, other government departments began introducing percentage quotas for their educational institutions, and some of them even closed their doors entirely to Jews. The percentage quota system effectively remained in force until 1916.
1890 (25 Tammuz 5650) — In the Jewish theatre of Lviv, the play Herodus der Groiser (Herod the Great) by I.L. Landau was performed. It enjoyed greater success than productions based on Abraham Goldfaden’s works Sulamith and Bar Kokhba, and received positive reviews in the local press
1936 — (23th of Tammuz, 5696) The Palestine Post reported that ….. two Jews were seriously injured by Arabs in Jerusalem. Figures prepared by this newspaper indicated that 41 Jews had been killed and over 150 seriously injured since the outbreak of the Arab disturbances on April 19. British forces lost five men. The estimated damage to Jewish property was over 100,000 pounds. The Tel Aviv Port jetty had been lengthened to 200 meters
1941 (18 Tammuz 5701) — Shoah. The killings of Jews in Khotyn were largely completed: in total, 2 000 people were killed over four days. Probably on the same day, the security police shot 36 Jews from among the intelligentsia in the town of Podkamen (Lviv Oblast). The evacuation of Jews from Sokyryany and Kelmeneț (Chernivtsi Oblast) to the east began
1942 — (28th of Tammuz, 5702) Нolocaust. ….. Five thousand Jews of Rovno (Polish Ukraine) were executed by the Nazis; In Sevastopol, approximately 1,200 Jews who had been held at the Dinamo Stadium were “shot to death outside the city” by the Nazis and “another group was murdered by gas vans near the city prison; The Einsatzkommando returned to daily actions of murder. Seven thousand Jews were rounded up in Rowne ghetto. Over the next two days, the SS would slaughter 5,000 of them
1948 — (6th of Tammuz, 5708) During the War of Independence, ….. Israeli forces continued their efforts to widen the corridor between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. To that end, they captured the village of Tsora – the birthplace of the Biblical figure Samson – from the Egyptians. This gave the Israelis control over another section of the railway running between the coast and the City of David
1951 — (9th of Tammuz, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported that ….. 128,000 immigrants entered Israel during the first half of 1951 (one every two minutes). Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion presided over the meeting of the government-Jewish Agency’s Coordination Board responsible for the newcomers’ housing, employment and the state of sanitation in transit camps. «The attainment of freedom and security often takes precedence over personal convenience,» David Ben-Gurion told a large audience in Beersheba
1959 (7 Tammuz 5719) — A report to the Knesset by Police Minister Behor Shitrit about the mass riots in the Wadi Salib area of Haifa, which began on July 8 due to feelings of discrimination among immigrants from Eastern countries
1963 (21 Tammuz 5723) — Israel introduced a law banning the raising of pigs in Jewish households.
1966 (25 Tammuz 5726) — A terrorist attack. Three people were killed near Almagor when their truck hit a mine planted by Arabs.
1992 (12 Tammuz 5752) — The first session of the 13th Knesset. The 25th Government, headed by Yitzhak Rabin, was established.
2009 — (21th of Tammuz, 5769) The 18th Maccabiah Games, which draw Jewish athletes from around the world
2014 — (15th of Tammuz, 5774) Anti-Israel protesters trapped hundreds of Jews in Paris synagogue
2016 — (7th of Tammuz, 5776) In Paris, pro-Palestinian attacked two synagogues — the Synagogue de la Roquette and The Synagogue de la rue des Tournelles – today
2024 (7 Tammuz 5784) — War with Gaza. Day 281. Muhammad Deif, the head of Hamas’s military wing, was eliminated
People
1105 — (29th of Tammuz, 4865) Solomon Yiẓḥaḳi (Rashi), commentator, died
1391 — (11th of Av, 5151) The richest Jew in Valencia, “the great Don Samuel Abravalla,” was baptized to in the palace of En Gasto. He is now known as Alfonso Ferrandes de Villanueva
1869 (5 Av 5629) — M. Gershenzon, a historian of Russian literature, was born. He died on February 19, 1925.
1894 — (9th of Tammuz, 5654) Birthdate of Isaak Babel, short-story writer and dramatist
1896 — (3th of Av, 5656) Birthdate of Israeli painter Mordecai Ardon
1901 — Tillie Lewis, a prominent US entrepreneur and leader in the food industry of the mid‑20th century, was born. She died on July 30, 1977.
1914 (19 Tammuz 5674) — Joseph Winnicki, an Israeli journalist and writer, was born. He died on September 6, 1965
1930 — (17th of Tammuz, 5690) Birthdate of Naomi Shemer ….. one of Israel’s most important and prolific song writers. During her lifetime, she was hailed as the «First Lady of Israeli Song.» Born Naomi Sapir, Shemer did her own songwriting and composing, as well as setting famous poems to music, such as those of the Israeli poet, Rachel, and adapting well-known songs into Hebrew, such as the Beatles songs «Hey Jude» and «Let it Be» («Lu Yehi»)
1932 — V. Berkovsky, a composer, was born. He died on July 22, 2005.
1932 — Pyotr Fomenko, a theatre and film director, was born. He died on August 9, 2012.
1935 — Dan Almagor, an Israeli playwright and poet, was born
1941 — (18th of Tammuz, 5701) Birthdate of Ehud Manor an Israeli songwriter, translator, and radio and TV personality
2002 (4 Av 5762) — B. Peled, former Commander of the Israeli Air Force, died.