History events
70 — (4th of Tammuz, 3830) Titus set up battering rams to assault the walls of Jerusalem
1244 — (23th of Tammuz, 5004) Duke Frederick II granted a charter to all Jews under his control which “became the model by which the status of the Jews of Bohemia, Moravia, Hungary, Silesia, and Poland was regulated.”
1298 — (20th of Tammuz, 5058) Elijah ben Samuel burned at Rome
1388 — (25th of Tammuz, 5148) Jews of Lithuania received a Charter of Privilege
1798 — (17th of Tammuz, 5558) In Switzerland, special taxes on the Jews were finally abolished
1870 (2 Tammuz 5630) — The solemn consecration of Moscow’s first house of prayer, located at the intersection of Bolshoy Spasoglinishchevsky Lane and Solyanoy Passage, in a two‑storey building owned by the landlord Ryzhenkov. The community board leased the building from Ryzhenkov.
1906 (8 Tammuz 5666) — The consecration of the new building of the Moscow Choral Synagogue. In the mid‑1880s, as the community’s financial situation improved and the lease term neared its end, it was decided to build a new synagogue. For this purpose, L. S. Polyakov purchased land in the same lane, but slightly further up. In 1892, the synagogue was nearly completed, but by then about 25 000–30 000 Jews had been expelled from Moscow, leaving only about 7 000. As a result, the synagogue was not allowed to open. On September 23 of the same year (1892), an Imperial Order was issued, requiring the community to either sell the building or convert it into a charitable institution by January 1. With great difficulty, the leaders of Moscow’s Jewish community managed to preserve the synagogue building. Only on June 1, 1906, after numerous renovations and extensive correspondence with the authorities — and thanks to the revolutionary changes that had taken place in the country — was the synagogue finally opened.
1920 (15 Tammuz 5680) — Herbert Samuel, a Jew and one of the most prominent British politicians, sympathetic to Zionist ideas, took office as head of the British civil administration in Palestine. The military regime in the mandated Palestine was abolished.
1930 — (5th of Tammuz, 5690) At the morning session of the International Wailing Wall Commission, ….. Rabbi Ben Zion Meyer Uziel, Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv, described Jewish prayer rituals conducted at the Wall declaring that the High Commissioner’s recent ban on the use of the Torah Scroll, Lulav, tefillin and tallit was unacceptable. While questioning Rabbi Uziel, Arab leader Abdul Auni implied that the Zionists were using bogus claims of the right to worship at the Wall as a form of propaganda to recruit Jews to settle in Palestine. At this afternoon’s meeting of the International Wailing Wall Commission, the three commissioners watched a movie filmed in 1911 showing Jewish men and women praying at the wall, Jewish worshippers sitting on benches and Jewish women kissing the stones of the Wall. The commissioners pronounced the film as authentic and thus it became further evidence of the long standing connection of the Jewish people to the Wall. The International Wailing Wall Commission was established by the League of Nations after Arab rioters violently denied Jews access to the Western Wall
1940 (25 Sivan 5700) — Shoah. A pogrom in the city of Dorohoi, Romania, carried out by the Romanian army. The number of victims ranged from 165 to 200 people.
1940 — (25th of Sivan, 5700) A Jewish ghetto is established at Bedzin, Poland
1941 — (6th of Tammuz, 5701) Нolocaust. ….. The first day of a three day killing spree in Drohobych, during which Ukrainians, assisted by Whermacht soldiers killed three hundred Jews; A Pogrom in Jassy, the cradle of Rumanian anti-Semitism claimed 5000 Jewish lives; More than 2500 Jews are slaughtered at Zhitomir, Ukraine; In the Bialystok region of Poland, Nazis murder 300 members of the Jewish intelligentsia;
German killing squads begin to murder Jews remaining in Kishinev, Romania; The Hungarian government undertakes a mass roundup of almost 18,000 Jewish refugees for deportation to Kamenets-Podolski, Ukraine;
Twenty-two-year-old Jew Haya Dzienciolski finds a pistol, leaves Novogrudok, Ukraine, and helps to organize a group of young partisans in nearby forests; One hundred Jews are murdered at Lyakhovichi, Belorussia; Hundreds of Jews are killed at Plunge, Lithuania; In the Ukrainian town of Koritz, Nazi troops begin what would become a three day murder spree. The Jews are forced to prepare three burial pits, one each for men, women, and children. For sport, a man’s corpse is propped atop one of the pits, in which some Jews have been buried alive; Members of the Einsatzgruppen, the Wehrmacht, and Esalon Special, a Romanian unit, begin murdering the Jews of Bessarabia in eastern Romania. By August 31st, they will have killed more than 150,000 Jews
1942 — (16th of Tammuz, 5702) Нolocaust. The Jewish community at Gorodenka, Ukraine, is wiped out
1944 — (10th of Tammuz, 5704) There were still 185 Jews living in Magdeburg, mainly partners of mixed marriages, who managed to survive the war
1945 — (20th of Tammuz, 5705) Establishment of “The Central Committee of the Liberated Jews”, whose primary offices were located in Munich, close to Leipheim. “The Central Committee represented 175,000 Jews living in the DP camps in the American and British zones in Germany and Austria.” The committee was dissolved in December of 1950
1945 — (20th of Tammuz, 5705) The first regular passenger service at the Nahariya Railway Station began today during the British Mandate
1945 (20 Tammuz 5705) — A meeting in New York between Ben‑Gurion and Jewish millionaires. They did not refuse his request for funds, which were spent on machinery for weapons production
1948 (24 Sivan 5708) — The ceremony marking the entry of the country’s navy into possession of the Haifa Port. Ben‑Gurion raised the national flag over the shipyard.
1958 (13 Tammuz 5718) — A government crisis in Israel, centred on the dispute over who should be considered a Jew. Ministers Burg and Shapiro from the religious parties resigned in protest against simplifying the process of registering Jewish status.
1962 (29 Sivan 5722) — Workers in Haifa petitioned to switch to a 43‑hour work week, but their request was denied.
1967 (23 Sivan 5727) — Massive shelling by Egyptian artillery of Israeli positions on the eastern bank of the Canal
1967 — (23th of Sivan, 5727) An Egyptian commando ….. force from Port Fuad moves south and takes up a position at Ras el ‘Ish, located 10 miles south of Port Said on the eastern bank of the Suez Canal, an area controlled by the Israelis since the ceasefire on June 9. An Israeli armored infantry company attacked an Egyptian force entrenched at Ras el ‘Ish, located 10 miles south of Port Said. The Israeli company drove off the Egyptians but loses 1 dead and 13 wounded
1976 — (3th of Tammuz, 5736) As the hostage crisis at Entebe enters Day 5, ….. in the morning, having been told that there is no viable military option to rescue the hostages, and with the deadline fast approaching, the Israeli government reluctantly agrees to begin negotiations knowing the terrorists will indeed keep their word about murdering those they hold; In the evening Brigadier General Dan Shomron presented the plan for rescuing the hostages to the Chief of Staff Motta Gura and Defense Minister Shimon Peres who accepted it following which the operational officers began gathering the men and equipment who would carry out the mission
1976 (3 Tammuz 5736) — Value‑Added Tax (8 %) was introduced in Israel (except for Eilat). On November 1, 1985, VAT was also introduced in Eilat
1985 (12 Tammuz 5745) — In New York, the Lubavitcher Rebbe Menachem Mendel Schneerson informed his associates that a number of unique books and rare manuscripts had been stolen from the library of the World Association of Chabad Hasidim and sold for huge sums of money. Some of these items ended up in the Vatican. The thief was soon identified as the grandson of the Rebbe Rayatz, son of his eldest daughter. He claimed that, as a direct descendant and therefore heir of the Rebbe Rayatz, the treasures collected in the library of the Lubavitch movement legally belonged to him by birthright, and he had merely taken his inheritance. The case was heard in a US Federal Court. On January 6, 1987, the court ruled that Hasidism and Hasidim do not exist separately but form a unity, and the concept of inheritance does not apply to it — meaning the books belonged to all Hasidim.
1994 (22 Tammuz 5754) — Yasser Arafat arrived triumphantly in Gaza, which had been vacated by Israel
2001 — (10th of Tammuz, 5761) Caesarea-Pardes Hanna Railway Station was opened today “as a suburban station on the newly inaugurated Tel Aviv – Binyamina Suburban Service
2008 (28 Sivan 5768) — A law came into force in Israel allowing the sale of electricity generated by private solar power plants, setting the price at 2.01 shekels per kWh — four times higher than the rate charged by the Electric Company.
2011 (29 Sivan 5771) — A reform of bus routes came into effect across most of the Gush Dan area. Routes were changed in the cities of Tel Aviv, Bat Yam, Holon, Bnei Brak, Ramat Gan, Givatayim, and Azur
2014 — (3th of Tammuz, 5774) Opening of the Chabad-Lubavitch Library
2016 (25 Sivan 5776) — Israel’s “electronic wallet” fare payment system was expanded nationwide and became available for purchase and use on railway routes.
2016 (25 Sivan 5776) — Terrorist attack. On Highway No. 60, Arabs opened fire on a car with Israeli licence plates. Michael Mark, a resident of the Otniel settlement, was killed. His wife, Hava, was seriously injured. Their children were also wounded: Teila, aged 14, and Pdaya, aged 15.
People
802 (27 Tammuz 4562) — Isaac the Jew, sent four years earlier to Baghdad by Charlemagne, arrived at the court of the first Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in Aachen. He brought many gifts from the ruler of the Baghdad Caliphate, Harun al‑Rashid, including a live elephant named Abu al‑Abbas, which caused a stir in Aachen.
1859 (29 Sivan 5619) — Edward Israel, a scientist and traveller, member of Lieutenant Greely’s Arctic expedition, was born. He died on May 27, 1884.
1861 — (23th of Tammuz, 5621) Bernard Beer, German-Jewish scholar, died
1896 — P. Antokolsky, a poet, was born. He died on October 9, 1978.
1902 — William Wyler, an American film director and three‑time Oscar winner, was born. He died on July 27, 1981.
1913 — Ruth Seid, an American writer who published under the pen name Jo Sinclair, was born. She died in 1995.
1916 — I. Shklovsky, an astrophysicist, was born. He died on March 3, 1985.
1938 — A. Kurlyandsky, a writer and screenwriter, was born. He died on December 21, 2020.
1941 — Alfred Gilman, an American biochemist and pharmacologist, was born.
1943 — (28th of Sivan, 5703) In an American radio broadcast, U.S. Congressman Emanuel Celler excoriates the U.S. government for its continuing silence on Nazi treatment of European Jews
1976 (3 Tammuz 5736) — E. de Philippe, the inspiration and artistic director of the Israeli Opera, died.
1993 — (12th of Tammuz, 5753) Olga Khaikov a Jewish immigrant from Russia and the mother of an 11 year old daughter was killed when terrorists tried to seize a bus near French Hill in Jerusalem
2016 (25 Sivan 5776) — Terrorist attack. On Highway No. 60, Arabs opened fire on a car with Israeli licence plates. Michael Mark, a resident of the Otniel settlement, was killed. His wife, Hava, was seriously injured. Their children, Teila (aged 14) and Pdaya (aged 15), were also wounded.
2024 (25 Sivan 5784) — Gaza War. Day 269. Sergeant Ori Yitzhak Hadad, aged 21, from Be’er Sheva, was killed; one serviceman was seriously injured.
2024 (25 Sivan 5784) — During an IDF operation in Judea and Samaria, Reserve Sergeant Yehuda Geto, aged 22, was killed, and one serviceman was seriously injured