July 1

History events
70 — (4th of Tammuz, 3830) Titus set up battering rams to assault the walls of Jerusalem
1244 — (23th of Tammuz, 5004) Duke Frederick II granted a charter to all Jews under his control which “became the model by which the status of the Jews of Bohemia, Moravia, Hungary, Silesia, and Poland was regulated.”
1298 — (20th of Tammuz, 5058) Elijah ben Samuel burned at Rome
1388 — (25th of Tammuz, 5148) Jews of Lithuania received a Charter of Privilege
1798 — (17th of Tammuz, 5558) In Switzerland, special taxes on the Jews were finally abolished
1930 — (5th of Tammuz, 5690) At the morning session of the International Wailing Wall Commission, ….. Rabbi Ben Zion Meyer Uziel, Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv, described Jewish prayer rituals conducted at the Wall declaring that the High Commissioner’s recent ban on the use of the Torah Scroll, Lulav, tefillin and tallit was unacceptable. While questioning Rabbi Uziel, Arab leader Abdul Auni implied that the Zionists were using bogus claims of the right to worship at the Wall as a form of propaganda to recruit Jews to settle in Palestine. At this afternoon’s meeting of the International Wailing Wall Commission, the three commissioners watched a movie filmed in 1911 showing Jewish men and women praying at the wall, Jewish worshippers sitting on benches and Jewish women kissing the stones of the Wall. The commissioners pronounced the film as authentic and thus it became further evidence of the long standing connection of the Jewish people to the Wall. The International Wailing Wall Commission was established by the League of Nations after Arab rioters violently denied Jews access to the Western Wall
1940 — (25th of Sivan, 5700) A Jewish ghetto is established at Bedzin, Poland
1941 — (6th of Tammuz, 5701) Нolocaust. ….. The first day of a three day killing spree in Drohobych, during which Ukrainians, assisted by Whermacht soldiers killed three hundred Jews; A Pogrom in Jassy, the cradle of Rumanian anti-Semitism claimed 5000 Jewish lives; More than 2500 Jews are slaughtered at Zhitomir, Ukraine; In the Bialystok region of Poland, Nazis murder 300 members of the Jewish intelligentsia;
German killing squads begin to murder Jews remaining in Kishinev, Romania; The Hungarian government undertakes a mass roundup of almost 18,000 Jewish refugees for deportation to Kamenets-Podolski, Ukraine;
Twenty-two-year-old Jew Haya Dzienciolski finds a pistol, leaves Novogrudok, Ukraine, and helps to organize a group of young partisans in nearby forests; One hundred Jews are murdered at Lyakhovichi, Belorussia; Hundreds of Jews are killed at Plunge, Lithuania; In the Ukrainian town of Koritz, Nazi troops begin what would become a three day murder spree. The Jews are forced to prepare three burial pits, one each for men, women, and children. For sport, a man’s corpse is propped atop one of the pits, in which some Jews have been buried alive; Members of the Einsatzgruppen, the Wehrmacht, and Esalon Special, a Romanian unit, begin murdering the Jews of Bessarabia in eastern Romania. By August 31st, they will have killed more than 150,000 Jews

1942 — (16th of Tammuz, 5702) Нolocaust. The Jewish community at Gorodenka, Ukraine, is wiped out
1944 — (10th of Tammuz, 5704) There were still 185 Jews living in Magdeburg, mainly partners of mixed marriages, who managed to survive the war
1945 — (20th of Tammuz, 5705) Establishment of “The Central Committee of the Liberated Jews”, whose primary offices were located in Munich, close to Leipheim. “The Central Committee represented 175,000 Jews living in the DP camps in the American and British zones in Germany and Austria.” The committee was dissolved in December of 1950
1945 — (20th of Tammuz, 5705) The first regular passenger service at the Nahariya Railway Station began today during the British Mandate
1967 — (23th of Sivan, 5727) An Egyptian commando ….. force from Port Fuad moves south and takes up a position at Ras el ‘Ish, located 10 miles south of Port Said on the eastern bank of the Suez Canal, an area controlled by the Israelis since the ceasefire on June 9. An Israeli armored infantry company attacked an Egyptian force entrenched at Ras el ‘Ish, located 10 miles south of Port Said. The Israeli company drove off the Egyptians but loses 1 dead and 13 wounded
1976 — (3th of Tammuz, 5736) As the hostage crisis at Entebe enters Day 5, ….. in the morning, having been told that there is no viable military option to rescue the hostages, and with the deadline fast approaching, the Israeli government reluctantly agrees to begin negotiations knowing the terrorists will indeed keep their word about murdering those they hold; In the evening Brigadier General Dan Shomron presented the plan for rescuing the hostages to the Chief of Staff Motta Gura and Defense Minister Shimon Peres who accepted it following which the operational officers began gathering the men and equipment who would carry out the mission
2001 — (10th of Tammuz, 5761) Caesarea-Pardes Hanna Railway Station was opened today “as a suburban station on the newly inaugurated Tel Aviv – Binyamina Suburban Service
2014 — (3th of Tammuz, 5774) Opening of the Chabad-Lubavitch Library

People
1861 — (23th of Tammuz, 5621) Bernard Beer, German-Jewish scholar, died
1943 — (28th of Sivan, 5703) In an American radio broadcast, U.S. Congressman Emanuel Celler excoriates the U.S. government for its continuing silence on Nazi treatment of European Jews
1993 — (12th of Tammuz, 5753) Olga Khaikov a Jewish immigrant from Russia and the mother of an 11 year old daughter was killed when terrorists tried to seize a bus near French Hill in Jerusalem