History events
-164 — BCE (14 Tevet 3597) Hanukkah Miracle
219 — (15 Kislev 3980) Judah Ha-Nasi died at the age of 81 — a rabbi and political leader of the Jewish people after the destruction of the Second Temple.
1033 — (16 Tevet 4794) A 40-day series of earthquakes (until January 4, 1034) began across Israel, measuring 5-6 on the Richter scale. The cities of Nablus (Shechem) and Ramla were destroyed, and the fortifications of Jerusalem were damaged.
1239 — (13 Tevet 5000) Pope Gregory IX agreed to the request of Hungarian King Bela IV to allow him to grant royal revenues to the Jews for redemption, arguing that tax collectors often have to pay from their own pockets. Jews, initially posing as tax collectors, were soon allowed to hold many state positions
1486 — (14rd of Tevet, 5247) Auto da fé held at Toledo; nine hundred Jews «reconciled»
1890 — (28th of Kislev, 5651) Guildhall meeting protests against the persecution of Russian Jews by the «May Laws»
1895 — (23th of Kislev, 5656) Large crowds visited all of the booths and displays at the Hebrew Fair in New York City. Isaacs S. Isaacs is editor in chief of the Fair Journal. Rebecca Kohut is the business manager of the Fair Journal.
1898 — (26 Kislev 5659) Mordechai Narkis was born — an Israeli art historian. He served as the director of the Bezalel Museum for 25 years. To replenish the museum’s collection in the post-war years, Narkis acquired many works of Jewish art and ritual objects from Europe, America, and North Africa, which became unique exhibits
1906 — The 3rd All-Russian Zionist Conference concluded in Helsinki, which drafted a plan for Zionist activities after the 1905 revolution. The resolutions of the conference constituted the so-called Helsinki Program.
1918 — (7 Tevet 5679) The Directory (Hetman government in Ukraine, which replaced the Central Rada) restored the law on national-personal autonomy and established (on a temporary basis, until ministries were formed) a department for national minorities, headed by Sh. Goldelman. In late December 1918, the Ministry of Jewish Affairs was reestablished, headed by A. Revutsky. It developed a program for financing Jewish education and prepared a draft of a new law on Jewish communities, giving them a secular character. However, these initiatives could not be implemented as the Red Army began its offensive against the Directory by the end of 1918.
1933 — (22 Kislev 5694) In Harbin, the library of the Harbin Zionist organization was merged with the library of the Jewish Theater and Music Association, thus creating the Harbin Public Jewish Library
1936 — (26th of Kislev, 5697) Jewish settlers erected the first of the “Tower and Stockade” settlements,Tel Amel which is now known Nir David.
1938 — (17 Kislev 5699) Shoah. The first train with six hundred Jewish children from Austria arrived in the Netherlands as part of the «Kindertransport» operation. The Nazis ruled that evacuation should not block German ports, so most groups were sent by train to the Netherlands and then by sea to British ports
1941 — (20 Kislev 5702) Shoah. 76 Jews were shot in Karasubazar (Crimea), 3600 Jews in First May (Odessa region), and probably 370 Jews from the village of Yuzefpol in the Oleksandrivka district of Kirovohrad region. On the same day, 3000 Jews were driven from Tulchyn (Vinnytsia region) to a camp in the village of Pechera
1942 — (2rd of Tevet, 5741) Нolocaust. The Polish ambassador to Britain informs Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden that the Polish government-in-exile can confirm that the German authorities are systematically exterminating the entire Jewish population of Poland and the rest of Europe
1948 — (8th of Kislev, 5709) War for independence. Israel agrees to UN truce mission’s request to let a trapped Egyptian force withdraw from Faluja in Negev
1949 — (19 Kislev 5710) The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution stating that all of Jerusalem and its surroundings should be placed under international administration. In response, on December 13, the Israeli government officially proclaimed Jerusalem as the capital of the state and ordered the transfer of the Knesset and government institutions from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. Transjordan also rejected the UN resolution of December 10, 1949, which was later referenced only by the Vatican and some other states in their statements against Israel.
1951 — (11 Kislev 5712) Discussion in the Knesset regarding a strike by merchant sailors. The sailors decided to strike after their demands for the establishment of a professional union outside the union were rejected
1955 — (25th of Kislev, 5716) An Israeli police boat approaching the Sea of Galilee’s northwestern shore was fired on by Syrian guns in the latest of a series of Syrian violations of the truce agreement
1964 — (5rd of Tevet, 5725) In Israel, the government resigned when “Ben-Gurion demanded that members of the Supreme Court Investigate the Lavon Affair
1978 — (10 Kislev 5739) Begin and Sadat were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
1982 — (24 Kislev 5743) Y. Andropov proposed to discuss at a meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU the issue of «involving Soviet citizens of Jewish nationality in active participation in anti-Zionist propaganda.» The explanatory note stated that «well-known people of Jewish nationality refrain, with rare exceptions, from public evaluation of Zionism.»
1987 — (19 Kislev 5748) The archive of Soviet writer Ilya Ehrenburg, which had been kept for over twenty years, was opened at the Jerusalem memorial complex «Yad Vashem.»
1994 — (7 Tevet 5755) Peres and Arafat were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
2000 — (13 Kislev 5761) Israeli Prime Minister E. Barak resigned
2005 — (9rd of Kislev, 5766) The first Asiatic elephant to be conceived in Israel through artificial insemination was born at the Tisch Family Zoological Gardens in Jerusalem. The Biblical Zoo joined the project to preserve the Asiatic elephant, which faces extinction, several years ago.
2005 — (9 Kislev 5766) The Israeli government allocated 19 billion shekels for the implementation of a five-year plan for the development of transport infrastructure — building new and repairing old roads. Additionally, 68 million shekels were allocated for the reconstruction of the Western Wall, and a law on the Diaspora Museum was passed, recognized as a national institution.
2015 — (28 Kislev 5776) Israel successfully tested the «Hets-3» missile defense system, which is intended to intercept enemy ballistic missiles in the exosphere.
2023 — (27 Kislev 5784) War with Gaza. Day sixty-five. More than 250 targets were attacked in Gaza. Major reserve Roman Bronstein, 46 years old, Captain reserve Eliya Yanovski, 24 years old, Reserve Sergeant Aryeh Yehiel Zenilman, 32 years old, Reserve Sergeant Gideon Ilani, 35 years old, Reserve Sergeant Itai Peri, 36 years old, Major reserve Evyatar Cohen, 42 years old, Major Gal Becher, 34 years old were killed. Attacks were launched from Lebanese territory in the northern part of the country. The government approved a five-year plan for the restoration of settlements located along the perimeter of the separation fence with Gaza.
2024 — (9 Kislev 5785) The Nature and Parks Authority opened the Nahal Hermon — Banias reserve, Tel Dan reserve, Nahal Snir reserve, Hurshat Tal national park, and Ein Afek reserve in the North. They had been inaccessible for over a year due to military actions on the border and rocket attacks from Lebanon.
2024 — (9 Kislev 5785) The Commission for the Preservation of Historical Sites in the Municipality of Jerusalem announced the inclusion of 40 buildings in the Beit-Yaakov neighborhood in the list of historical sites. In particular, the decision concerned the Mahane Yehuda market complex. The Beit-Yaakov neighborhood was built in 1877, becoming the ninth neighborhood built outside the walls of the Old City. Soon, an informal market arose nearby, which was organized in the 1930s by erecting permanent buildings
People
1505 — (13 Tevet 5266) Gabriel Sanchez died — a Spanish statesman, treasurer of King Ferdinand II, a Marrano, who, along with Luis Santangel, participated in lobbying and financing Columbus’s expedition to the West Indies in 1492.
1791 — (14 Kislev 5552) Jacob Frank (Jacob ben Yehuda Leib (Leibovich)) died at the age of 65 — a Polish-Jewish religious figure, creator of a Jewish messianic group of followers of Shabbetai Zevi. He declared himself the Messiah. He lived in the Ottoman Empire, then moved to Poland, where he organized a sect that was in sharp conflict with Orthodox Jewish communities. In a dispute with the rabbis, he involved a Catholic bishop and then the entire sect converted to Catholicism. While in Turkey, he accepted Islam, converted to Catholicism twice, and negotiated with the Russian clergy about the mass conversion of his entire community to Orthodoxy.
1891 — N. Sachs was born — a German poetess. She died on May 12, 1970.
1909 — (27th of Kislev, 5670) Birthdate of New York born, Israeli journalist Ted Lurie “who immigrated to Palestine in 1930 where he joined the staff of the Palestine Post and eventually became editor of its renamed publication, The Jerusalem Post
1978 — (10th of Kislev, 5739) In Oslo, Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat accepted the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize