History events
70 (11 Av 3830) — The Jewish War. The last day of the Second Temple.
1491 (30 Av 5231) — In Lisbon, Eliezer Toledano published the Pentateuch. This was the first edition of the Five Books of Moses produced in Lisbon.
1923 (24 Av 5683) — The 13th Zionist Congress began in Karlovy Vary, chaired by N. Sokolov.
1941 (13 Av 5701) — The Shoah. In Chernyakhov (Zhytomyr Oblast), Sonderkommando 4a executed 112 Jews
1942 — (23rd of Av, 5702) Three thousand Jews were slaughtered in the streets of Minsk. One hundred would escape and form a partisan unit
1942 (23 Av 5702) — The Shoah. Janusz Korczak perished in Treblinka together with the children from his orphanage.
1942 (23 Av 5702) — The Shoah. The liquidation of the Radom Ghetto (a city in central Poland) began. Over the course of 11 days, about 17 000 people were deported to Treblinka.
1942 (23 Av 5702) — The Shoah. 5 500 Jews were deported from Borislav, Skhodnytsia, and Podzhub to Bełżec; several hundred of them were left in the Janowska camp in Lviv. It is likely that on the same day, 1 500 Jews were executed in Matseiv (Lukov, Volyn Oblast)
1949 — (11rd of Av, 5709) Six or seven persons were killed and twenty-seven injured in the bombing of a synagogue in Damascus, Syria, by terrorists believed to have been demonstrating against the Palestine peace negotiations conducted by the United Nations Conciliation Commission in Lausanne, Switzerland
1952 (15 Av 5712) — Israel. The Film Censorship Board banned films featuring scenes of abundant food, “as not in line with rationing norms”.
1958 (20 Av 5718) — The salary of IDF servicemen who speak Arabic was increased by 10 lira.
1969 (22 Av 5729) — A letter from the leaders of 18 Georgian Jewish families to the UN, demanding permission to leave for their historic homeland. It was the first known document of the emigration movement in the Soviet Union.
1970 (4 Av 5730) — In Israel, a 10‑lira banknote featuring the poet Bialik was introduced
2006 — (12th of Av, 5766) Fifteen Israelis are killed by Hezbollah rocket attacks.
2006 (12 Av 5766) — In Nazareth, the founding conference of the committee of Israeli Arabs in support of Lebanon was held. The participants expressed outrage at the “American‑Israeli occupation of the Middle East”, and one of them stated that Hezbollah Secretary‑General Hassan Nasrallah “is restoring Arabs’ self‑respect”
2012 — (18rd of Av, 5772) TThe Tel Aviv City Council rejected a proposal to include Arabic on the city’s official emblem
2013 — (30rd of Av, 5773) TA poll released today by the Israel Democracy Institute and Tel Aviv University, ….. found that 63 percent of Jews in Israel oppose a withdrawal to the 1967 lines with land swaps as part of any peace arrangement with the Palestinian Authority, even if it meant Israel would hold onto the Etzion Bloc, directly south of Jerusalem; Ma’aleh Adumim, east of the capital; and Ariel in the central West Bank about 34 kilometers (21 miles) east of Tel Aviv
2015 (21 Av 5775) — Terrorist attack. Between the settlements of Shilo and Ofra, an Arab drove his vehicle into a group of soldiers. Three servicemen were wounded.
2025 (12 Av 5785) — A ceremony presenting berets to the fighters of the first company of the IDF’s Hashmonaim Brigade — composed of members of the ultra‑Orthodox community — took place near the Western Wall (Wailing Wall)
People
1799 — (5rd of Av, 5559) TMarcus Eliezer Bloch, naturalist, died
1811 (16 Av 5571) — Benjamin Judah Philip, an American lawyer and statesman, was born. He died on 6 May 1884.
1895 — Yankev Botoshansky, a writer, journalist, and playwright who wrote in Yiddish, was born. He died on 26 October 1964
1901 — (21rd of Av, 5661) TBirthdate of Arthur Flegenheimer, who gained fame as gangster Dutch Schultz who made his money as a violent bootlegger during the dry days of the Roaring 20’s. Even his fellow gangsters saw him as being out of control and they gunned him down in 1935
1902 — Arthur Flegenheimer, better known as “Dutch Schultz”, a famous American gangster, was born. He was killed by another gangster, Charles Luciano, on 24 October 1935.
1906 — Georg Singer, an Israeli composer, conductor, and pianist, was born. He died on 1 October 1980.
1942 (23 Av 5702) — Ron Nachman, a public and state figure of Israel and one of the founders of the city of Ariel in Samaria, was born. He died on 18 January 2013.
1999 — Shulamit Katznelson, founder of the Akiva Ulpan in Nahariya, died at the age of 80.