History events
-428 (5 Elul 3333 BCE) — The prophet Yehezkel (Ezekiel) was granted a new prophetic vision about the abominations committed by the city’s inhabitants. In the Temple courtyard, he saw “all kinds of creeping creatures and loathsome animals — all the idols of the House of Israel, carved all around the wall.” In the inner courtyard of the Temple, Jews were worshipping the sun. He was also shown that the Shekhinah dwelt in exile with the Jews taken to Babylon, not in the Temple.
‑353 BCE (24 Elul 3408) — Construction of the Second Temple resumed
70 — (5th of Elul, 3830) According to Josephus, the day one which the Second Temple was set aflame
1435 (5 Elul 5195, or July 29) — Pablo de Santa María (Paul of Burgos, born Solomon Levi of Burgos before his baptism) died at the age of 85. He was a historian, poet, Catholic theologian, advisor to Henry III, Chancellor of Castile, and bishop of the dioceses of Cartagena and Burgos. He was baptised on July 21, 1391. On his initiative, on January 2, 1412, a 24‑article law was adopted in Valladolid that isolated Jews from Spaniards, deprived them of many communal rights, and, most importantly, stripped them of nearly all means of livelihood — leaving them with the choice between death by deprivation or conversion
1563 — (11th of Elul, 5323) The Jewish community of Neutitschlin, Moravia was expelled
1863 (15 Elul 5623) — The construction of the Smíchov Synagogue in Prague was completed. It was built with funds provided by Franz Ringhoffer, a Christian and founder of railway‑carriage and iron‑foundry plants
1867 — (29th of Аv, 5627) The Washington Avenue Synagogue, also known as Temple Beth El, was dedicated today in Detroit, Michigan
1888 (23 Elul 5648) — The new building of Jerusalem’s first Jewish hospital, constructed on the initiative of James Mayer Rothschild, opened on Prophets Street, outside the walls of the Old City
1897 — (2th of Elul, 5657) At today’s session of the Zionist Congress being held in Basel, Switzerland, “the delegates…unanimously adopted, with great enthusiasm, the program for re-establishing” the Jews “in Palestine, with publicly recognized rights.” “A dispatch was sent to the Sultan of Turkey thanking his Majesty for the privileges enjoyed by “the Jews “in his empire.”
1906 — (9th of Elul, 5666) The first synagogue was dedicated in Finland
1908 (3 Elul 5668) — The first international non‑partisan conference on the role of the Yiddish language in the life of the Jewish people opened in Chernivtsi (Czernowitz). It lasted five days
1919 — (4th of Elul, 5679) The Jewish Commissariat Yevsektsiya of Russia proclaimed Hebrew a «reactionary language.» As such the teaching of Hebrew was prohibited in all educational institutions and books in Hebrew removed from libraries
1927 — (2th of Elul, 5687) The Fifteenth Zionist Congress, the legislative body of the International Zionist movement, went into session at Basel, Switzerland, today with 280 delegates representing Zionist societies from all parts of the world present.
1938 — (3th of Elul, 5698) As part of the tower and stockade settlement campaign immigrants from Austria, Czechoslovakia and Germany….. established Ma’ayan Tzvi a kibbutz named after Henry Zvi Frank, a Zionist activist and head of the Jewish Colonization Association, which had acquired the land on which the kibbutz was built
1941 — (7th of Elul, 5701) A second round of daily shootings which last until December began today at the Latvian city of Liepāja
1941 (7 Tishrei 5701) — Shoah. In Slavuta (Khmelnytskyi Oblast), 911 Jews were shot; in Minkovtsy (Khmelnytskyi Oblast), 2 200 Jews. On the same day, north of Korosten–Belokorovychi, the 1st Motorised Infantry Brigade of the SS shot 33 Jews (Slovetsian District).
1942 (17 Elul 5702) — Shoah. About 3 thousand Jews were shot in Dolyna (Ivano‑Frankivsk Oblast); some Jews were placed in a labour camp in Vyshkiv. On the same day, about 2 thousand Jews were killed in Volodymyrets (Rivne Oblast)
1954 — (1th of Elul, 5714) This evening, start of Operation Binyamin 2 under the command of Ariel Sharon. ….. This operation was approved by Prime Minister Moshe Sharett and was commanded by Ariel Sharon. The attackers were divided into four groups. The first attacked a school in the village of Beit Liqya. The other three set ambushes for the expected arrival of reinforcements. Only Har-Zion’s group was successful. They had strung a wire across the road with cans of petrol at each end. A car full of soldiers from the Arab Legion drove into the trap. Two were killed, one wounded, and three were taken prisoner
1956 — (23th of Elul, 5716) In Israel, the eight day nation-wide bus strike ended today. The strikers were from the Egged Bus Company which serves Haifa and provided interurban services and the Dan Company that serves the Tel Aviv metropolitan area. These companies are owner-operator co-ops
1966 — (14th of Elul, 5726) The first Knesset building was dedicated in Jerusalem
1982 (11 Elul 5742) — Operation Peace for Galilee. PLO forces left Beirut. Israeli snipers had Arafat in their sights but did not kill him, as there was an agreement to this effect with the Lebanese government.
1993 (13 Elul 5753) — The Knesset discussed the emerging treaty with the Arabs of Israel and the need for early elections due to the Rabin government’s agreement to cede territories under Israeli sovereignty to the Arabs.
2022 (3 Elul 5782) — Arabs fired on Israelis near the Tomb of Joseph in Shechem (Nablus). Two people were wounded
People
1658 — (11th of Elul, 5418) Ẓebi Ashkenazi, rabbi in London and Amsterdam, died
1860 — (12th of Elul, 5620) Birthdate of Isaac Levitan, famed Russian landscape painter
1920 — L. Shvartsman, an animation film artist, was born. He died on July 2, 2022.
2021 (22 Elul 5781) — Barel Hadaria Shmueli, a 21‑year‑old IDF sergeant who was wounded at the border with the Gaza Strip on August 21, died in the Soroka Medical Center in Be’er Sheva