History events
1114 — (6 Elul 4874) A series of earthquakes began in Israel, lasting for 5 months
1391 — (9th of Elul, 5151) Massacre of the Jews in Gerona, Spain
1675 — (28th of Av, 5435) The Portuguese-Jewish synagogue opens in Amsterdam
1684 — (10 Elul 5444) Purim di Buda in Padua. During the wars of Venice with the Turks, hostility towards Jews intensified. In 1684, when rumors spread that Jews were helping the Turks during the siege of Buda (the future Budapest), a mob attacked the ghetto, and only the intervention of the army and some citizens stopped the pogrom. To put an end to the lawlessness, the authorities imposed the death penalty on instigators. In memory of their salvation, the Jews of Padua annually celebrated a day of thanksgiving on the 10th of Elul, known as Purim di Buda
1819 — (19 Av 5579) A pogrom took place in the house of Rothschild, organized by the residents of Frankfurt
1824 — (16th of Av, 5584) Alexander I. of Russia prohibits foreign Jews from settling permanently in Russia
1854 — (16th of Av, 5614) The Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau opened today
1933 — (18th of Av, 5693) Der Ernes, the Yiddish language newspaper published in the Soviet Unon, reported that a farmer named Leiser Kabakoff, had been expelled from his collective in the Crimea for his efforts to get other farmers to refrain from working on the Sabbath
1936 — (22th of Av, 5696) At Geneva, “the Polish delegation to the World Jewish Congress charged early today in a statement present at the third day’s session that Poland’s 3,500,000 Jews were being terrorized and made paupers.
1938 — (13th of Av, 5698) Nuremberg Synagogue is burnt down
1940 — (6th of Av, 5700) The government of Rumania passed anti-Jewish racial laws
1942 — (27th of Av, 5702) This was the first of thirteen days when over 40,000 Jews were shipped from Lvov to the death camp at Belzec. By the end of the month, another 36,000 Jews from Lvov and its surrounding area would be shipped to Belzec where they would meet a similar fate
1942 — (27 Av 5702) Shoah. An uprising in the Kremenets ghetto (a center in the Kremenets district of Ternopil region, Ukraine). It was suppressed after 2 days.
1942 — (27 Av 5702) In the village of Katerburg (the Great Dederkal district of Ternopil region), 307 Jews were executed, and in Kamen-Kashirskiy (Volyn region) — about 1,700 Jews, while several hundred others managed to flee. On the same day, 1,200 Jewish craftsmen were transferred from Kremenets (Ternopil region) to Belaya Krinitsa
1947 — (25th of Av, 5707) Members of an armed band wearing Arab dress opened an unprovoked attack tonight in a Jewish cafe on the bank of the Yarkon River at Tel Aviv, killing four Jews and wounding ten, seven of them seriously
1960 — (17 Av 5720) Israel. Police data on the rise of juvenile crime was published. It increased by 50% over the year, with a rise in criminal gangs and instances of vandalism «just for fun.»
1973 — (12 Av 5733) The Israeli Air Force forced a Libyan passenger plane on a flight from Beirut to Baghdad to land at one of the northern airfields of the country, hoping that PLO leader George Habash was on board, but he was not.
1999 — (28 Av 5759) Terrorist attack in the USA. An attack on the Jewish community center in Los Angeles left four children and a woman injured.
2003 — (12 Av 5763) Hezbollah fired on the settlement of Shlomi in Western Galilee. Shells exploded in three locations: near a shopping center, in a kindergarten (there were no children in the kindergarten due to summer holidays), and in the yard of a house where an elderly couple lived. A 16-year-old boy was killed, and four others were injured.
2007 — (26 Av 5767) Terrorist attack. In the Old City of Jerusalem, a terrorist grabbed a gun from a guard at a yeshiva near the Jaffa Gate and began shooting in all directions. Ten people were injured. The terrorist was an Israeli Arab.
2009 — (20 Av 5769) Security forces demolished 9 illegal structures in the Maoz Esther outpost in the Binyamin region and simultaneously 3 buildings in the Bnei Adam outpost. Their residents promised to soon rebuild the destroyed structures: «Netanyahu and Barak cannot make us abandon the settlement of the Land of Israel.»
2009 — (20 Av 5769) During the night, the Israeli Air Force struck one of the tunnels under the «Philadelphi Corridor,» through which weapons and ammunition were delivered from Egypt to Gaza. This was in response to a mortar attack on Israeli territory on August 9.
2014 — (14th of Av, 5774) Rocket fire from the Gaza Strip continued today, with over nine rockets being shot at Israel throughout the day. Six hit the Eshkol Regional Council in the early hours, while two others slammed into Sderot, starting a small fire. Two more rockets were intercepted about the city
2017 — (18 Av 5777) A new 20-kilometer highway between Jerusalem and Beit Shemesh began operating.
2024 — (6 Av 5784) The Israeli rhythmic gymnastics team won second place in the team all-around at the Olympic Games in Paris. Silver medals were awarded to Romi Paritzky, Ofir Shaham, Shani Bakanov, Diana Svertsov, and Adar Friedman, competing under the guidance of Ayelet Zusman
People
1794 — (13th of Av, 5554) Leopold Zunz, Jewish scholar, born
1868 — (22 Av 5628) Ada Isaacs Menken died — an American circus artist and lover of Alexandre Dumas (father).
1891 — Otto Biederman was born — an associate of gangster Arthur Flegenheimer (Dutch Schultz) — a mathematical genius used by Schultz to organize so-called contracts at racecourses controlled by the mafia. Biederman also ensured winning on the smallest bets through manipulations with the totalizator, thereby minimizing Schultz’s losses. He was killed along with Schultz on October 24, 1935.
1909 — L. Fender was born — an American guitar master. He died on March 21, 1991.
1920 — (26th of Av, 5680) In London light year old Jewish chess wonder” Samuel Rzeschewski “played simultaneous games against twenty strong amateur player at the Gambit Chess rooms” his evening and won 18 of he games and having two end in a draw
1940 — V. Smekhov was born — a Soviet theater and film actor
1981 — (10th of Av, 5741) Seventy-five year old Yeruham Cohen, an Arabic-speaker of Yemeni origin who was “an early Israeli undercover soldier” passed away today. He was a top aide to the commander of Israel’s underground forces during the country’s war for independence in 1948 and also belonged to a unit whose members disguised themselves as Arabs to infiltrate enemy lines
2006 — (16th of Av, 5766) IDF Staff Sergeant Kobi Idan, 26, from Eilat was killed and at least 16 other soldiers were wounded, nine of them seriously, in the clashes with Hezbollah