History events
70 — (9 Av 3830) Jewish War. Access to the Temple is opened (see August 3). «Titus ordered one part of the army to extinguish the fire and clear the area at the gates to allow free access for the legions.
1558 — (20th of Av, 5318) The first printed edition of the Zohar appeared. This popularized the study of Kabbalah, mysticism and Messianism
1578 — (1th of Elul, 5338) This date is considered a Moroccan Purim (Purim de Los Christianos); a celebration of a time when Jews there faced near disaster because forces led by King Sebastian of Portugal nearly succeeded in conquering the country. The Portuguese were defeated at al-Qasr al-Kabir. Their defeat meant that the Inquisition would not be coming to Morocco
1827 — (11th of Av, 5587) In Romania, untold numbers of Jews perished when the Jewish quarter of Jassy was swept by fire
1869 — (27 Av 5629) Rabbi Joseph Rivlin celebrated a housewarming in the home he built in the Nachalat Shiv’a neighborhood. This was one of the first Jewish neighborhoods outside the city walls.
1889 — (7 Av 5649) 136 families of Jewish settlers, supported by Baron Maurice de Hirsch, arrived in Buenos Aires. Hirsch claimed that the overwhelming majority of Jews in Russia needed to be resettled in an autonomous Jewish state to be established in a country rich in significant tracts of uncultivated fertile land
1929 — (27th of Tammuz, 5689) Founding of the Jewish agency for Palestine
1938 — (7 Av 5698) Terrorist attack. A bomb planted by Arabs exploded near the settlement of Ramat HaKovesh, killing 8 people.
1941 — (11 Av 5701) Shoah. Units of the 1st SS Motorized Infantry Brigade executed 957 Jews in Ostrog (Rivne region), 286 Jews in Hrytsiv (Khmelnytskyi region), and 159 Jews in Kunyiv and Radogoshch (Pluzhnyansk district, Khmelnytskyi region). On the same day, 80 Jews were killed in the village of Kalynik (Dashiv district, Vinnytsia region). The security police completed the liquidation of the Jewish intelligentsia in Ivano-Frankivsk on this day; a total of 600 people were killed in two days. It is likely that on this day, operational team 5 executed 74 Jews in Berdychiv (Zhytomyr region).
1942 — (21 Av 5702) 1,882 Jews were shot in Zinkiv (Khmelnytskyi region), and around 6,000 Jews from Sambir, Staryi Sambir, Felshtyn, and Strilkiv were deported to Belzec; about 600 of them were left in the Yanov camp in Lviv
1942 — (21th of Av, 5702) The first train with Jews from Belgium went to Auschwitz. The train contained 998 Jews
1944 — (15th of Av, 5704) A limited number of Jewish war refugees arrived in New York Harbor. ….. They then moved to a decommissioned army camp in Oswego New York. Ruth Gerber, an American journalist was selected “to go on a secret mission to escort the refugees to the United States. This journey became ‘the defining Jewish moment’ of Gruber’s life. In her role as a spokesperson for the refugees, Gruber presented the refugees’ journey as a human interest story for the press. She told the New York Times that the refugees represented «a cross-section of every refugee now pouring into Italy,» including Jews, Catholics and Protestants for whom religious services were held onboard the ship. In a touching moment in Haven, her book recounting the voyage, Gruber recalls a rabbi conducting a service as the boat passed the Statue of Liberty, and her pride in telling the Jewish refugees of the Holocaust that the poem on the base was written by Emma Lazarus, an American Jew. The story of these European refugees stands out as a momentary relaxation of America’s restrictive immigration policy. President Roosevelt’s decision provided the refugees with a safe haven as «guests» in the United States during the war, with the assumption that «they were destined to be sent back to their homelands when the peace comes.» While Roosevelt planned to allow the nearly 1000 refugees to reside in the United States only until the end of hostilities, when the end of the war came, Gruber lobbied the President and Congress—with the help of Catholic, Jewish and Protestant clergy—and convinced the officials to let the refugees stay. While the story ended happily for these refugees, sadly it came at the expense of others waiting in displaced persons camps in Europe. Since the overall
immigration laws and quotas remained unchanged, the close to 1000 refugees were just subtracted form that year’s quota
1949 — (9 Av 5709) On this day, 34,000 unemployed people were recorded in Israel. This was reported in the Knesset by Minister of Labor Golda Meir. She also expressed concerns about a possible increase in unemployment due to mass military demobilization and the influx of new repatriates.
1950 — (21 Av 5710) Israel. A general weekly strike against the government’s decision to move the trade of clothing and footwear to a rationing system. Minister of Supply David Yosef made a statement that this year the state must cut costs for clothing and footwear production in half, and therefore clothing, shorts, T-shirts, and slippers would also be supplied to the population on ration cards. A real panic began. In two weeks, store shelves were emptied. Everything that was needed and not needed was swept away in advance. Newspapers reported that the government did not expect such a reaction from citizens.
1957 — (7 Av 5717) A contract was signed between the government and the «Bonei Arim» company to begin major construction in Ashkelon.
1981 — (4 Av 5741) After Likud reached an agreement with the religious party bloc not to draft yeshiva students into the army, a right-wing government was formed, with Begin as Prime Minister, Sharon as Minister of Defense, and Shamir as Minister of Foreign Affairs.
1982 — (15 Av 5742) Operation «Peace for Galilee.» An unsuccessful assault by the IDF on the largest refugee camp in West Beirut, Burj al-Barajneh.
1990 — (13 Av 5750) Terrorist attack. Two teenagers from Jerusalem, R. Karmani and L. Tubol, were abducted and killed by Arabs. When the mutilated bodies of the children were found, several dozen outraged Jews began to attack passing Arabs until they were arrested by the police.
2002 — (26 Av 5762) Terror attacks. A suicide bomber exploded in a passenger bus near Safed, killing 9 and injuring 45. On the same day, there were 5 more attacks on Jews. In Jerusalem, on the road from the settlement of Avnei Hefetz to the settlement of Einav, between the settlements of Eli and Rehalim, 5 were killed and 21 were injured
2005 — (28th of Tammuz, 5765) Israeli archaeologist Eliat Mazar announced the discovery the site of Palace of David, a 10th Century BCE building in the Old City of Jerusalem. The site is widely recognized as a major find but there is dispute over the identification of the building as being David’s Palace which is described in the Bible
2006 — (10st of Av, 5766) Over 200 rockets were fired at northern Israel, killing three people. At least 86 more were wounded, one critically and five seriously
2009 — (14 Av 5769) The «Nativay Gaz» company began trial gas pumping through the southern part of the Israeli gas pipeline connecting Kiryat Gat with the Sodom area. This longest section of the gas pipeline, 135 kilometers long, was created to supply gas to factories in the Dead Sea area, the «Hevrat Hashmal» power station, and the industrial zone of Ramat Hovav, which concentrates chemical production, as well as the Mishor Rotem industrial zone. The trial pumping lasted three weeks, and gas began to flow to the factories in early September.
2013 — (28 Av 5773) Two expedited railway lines were launched. It became possible to travel by train from Rishon Lezion to Tel Aviv in 9 minutes instead of 15, and from Ashdod to Tel Aviv in 35 minutes instead of 45.
2014 — (8 Av 5774) Terror attack. In Jerusalem, a tractor hit a pedestrian and then crashed into a bus, overturning it. The pedestrian was killed.
2024 — (29 Tammuz 5784) Terror attack in Holon on Moshe Dayan Street. An Arab stabbed an elderly man and woman, injuring two people. The Arab was shot by a police officer
People
1754 — (16 Av 5514) Moses Solomon Asser, a famous Dutch lawyer, was born in Amsterdam. He died on November 4, 1826.
1796 — (29th of Tammuz, 5556) Samuel Cahen, translator of the Bible into French, born
1817 — (29th of Tammuz, 5700) Max Ring, German poet, born
1840 — (5 Av 5600) Tzvi-German Shapiro, a professor of mathematics and initiator of the creation of the Jewish National Fund, was born. He died on May 8, 1898.
1888 — Isaac Shami, an Israeli writer in Hebrew, was born. He died in 1949
1912 — (22th of Av, 5577) Birthdate of Raoul Wallenberg
1924 — Itzhak Graziani, an Israeli musician, conductor, and public figure, was born. He died on July 7, 2003.
1933 — (12 Av 5693) Sheldon Adelson, an American billionaire and philanthropist, was born. He died on January 11, 2021.
1940 — (29th of Tammuz, 5700) Just months before his 60th birthday, Ze’ev (Vladimir) Jabotinsky passed away while inspecting a Betar Camp in New York
1944 — (15 Av 5704) Shoah. Anne Frank and her family were arrested.
1978 — (1st of Av, 5738) Lilya Yuryevna Brik, the so-called «muse of Russian avant-garde» died at the age of 87
2002 — (26th of Av, 5762) Mordechai Yehuda Friedman, 24, of Ramat Beit Shemesh, ….. Sari Goldstein, 21, of Karmiel, Maysoun Amin Hassan, 19, of Sajur, Marlene Miriam Menahem, 22, of moshav Safsufa, Sgt.-Maj. Roni Ghanem, 28, of Maghar, Sgt. Yifat Gavrieli, 19, of Mitzpe Adi, Sgt. Omri Goldin, 20, of Mitzpe Aviv, Adelina Kononen, 37, of the Philippines and Rebecca Roga, 40, of the Philippines were killed and 38 others were injured during a suicide bombing aboard Egged Bus 361 at the Meron Junction for which Hamas took credit
2009 — (14 Av 5769) Amos Keinan (Levin), a well-known Israeli writer, publicist, and artist, passed away at the age of 82