History events
-1274 — (15 Av 2487 BCE) On this day, the Jews realized that the forty years of wandering in the desert had ended and it was time to go to the Land of Israel.
1336 — (20th of Av, 5096) Led by John Zimberlin, a self-proclaimed prophet, a group of peasants in Germany known as the Armleder (for their leather straps warn on their arms) attacked Jewish communities in Franconia and the Alsace region. They also destroyed Jewish communities in Bohemia, Moravia and elsewhere along the Rhine. Roughly 1500 Jews were murdered. Eventually when the Armleder began to attack non-Jews, they were opposed by local Lords
1569 — (15 Av 5329) In Krakow, the printing house of Isaac ben Aaron from Przemyśl began operating, which published Hebrew books, including the Talmud, for 50 years
1881 — (3th of Av, 5641) The first ships containing large numbers of Russian Jews arrived in New York following pogroms in Russia. This was the beginning of mass immigration to the U.S. during that would change the face of the American Jewish Community. The great waves of immigration would slow with World War I and come to a halt during the 1920’s when an isolationism, nativism and racism closed the doors of America to most immigrants
1882 — (13th of Av, 5642) In Hungary, ….. Solomon Schwarz, Abraham Buxbaum, Leopold Braun, and Hermann Wollner, were charged with murdering a Christian girl named Esther Solymosi . Josef Scharf, Adolf Jünger, Abraham Braun, Samuel Lustig, Lazar Weissstein, and Emanuel Taub, were charged with voluntarily assisting in the crime. Anselm Vogel, Jankel Smilovics, David Hersko, Martin Gross, and Ignaz Klein, were charged with abetting the crime and smuggling the body. This case which turned into a blood libel began in April and would rile the kingdom for at least another two years
1929 — (21 Tammuz 5689) The 16th Zionist Congress began in Vienna, chaired by N. Sokolov. It lasted for 12 days.
1936 — (10th of Av, 5696) In Vienna this evening in pre-Olympic ceremony, the Nazi mob “formed in a procession” “howling down the Jewish Olympic athletes with shouts of ‘Perish the Jews! Go back to Palestine.”
1939 — (13 Av 5699) Yishuv. The first graduation of the pilot school located in Kibbutz Afikim in the Jordan Valley.
1941 — (5 Av 5701) Shoah. The killings of Jews in the village of Zhabokritch (Vinnytsia region) were completed; 435 people were killed in three days. The 10th SS Infantry Regiment shot adult Jews in Kryvyn (Khmelnytskyi region), while the 8th SS Infantry Regiment executed 100 Jews from Baranivka (Zhytomyr region).
1941 — (5 Av 5701) Shoah. The execution of Jews from the Daugavpils ghetto. These were people over 60 years old. They were told they were being transferred to another camp due to overcrowding. The next morning, the elderly were shot in the Mežciems forest, where a large pit had been previously dug.
1941 — (5 Av 5701) Shoah. The government of Bulgaria issued a decree: Jews were prohibited from owning pharmacies, engaging in the sale of medicines and transportation, and certain professions were banned: actor, artist, journalist, railway agent. A percentage of employment was established for: lawyers, architects, engineers, and only for servicing the Jewish population.
1942 — (15 Av 5702) Shoah. Approximately 5,000 Jews were deported from Dobromil and surrounding areas (Khyrov, Nyzhankovichi) (Lviv region) to Belzec.
1947 — (12 Av 5707) Passengers of the «Exodus» returned to France but refused to disembark.
1947 — (12 Av 5707) The execution of three fighters from the Etzel by the British. They were captured during the Etzel’s attack on the Akko fortress, which is the most guarded prison in Israel. The names of the executed are A. Chaviv, Y. Weiss, M. Nakar.
1951 — (25th Tammuz, 5711) The Jerusalem Post reported that the stage was set for the elections to the Second Knesset. The number of eligible voters reached 900,000.
1954 — (28 Tammuz 5714) Israel. A «Piper» plane crashed into a crowd gathered at Kibbutz Ma’agan for the inauguration of a monument to hero-paratrooper P. Goldstein, killing 17 people and injuring 25.
1954 — (28 Tammuz 5714) In Cairo, Israeli intelligence officer Meir Bineth was arrested by Egyptian security services.
1968 — (4 Av 5728) The film «The Commissar» by Alexander Askoldov was banned from being shown by the Committee for Cinematography under the Council of Ministers of the USSR
1969 — (14th of Av, 5729) Under the leadership of General Sharon, the Head of the IDF’s Southern Command, Israeli frogmen attacked Green Island during the War of Attrition
1993 — (11th of Av, 5753) The Israeli Supreme Court acquits accused Nazi death camp guard John Demjanjuk of all charges, and he is set free
People
1569 — (15th of Av, 5329) Isaac ben Aaron Prositz who had successfully “petitioned King Sigismund II Augustus for the right to establish a Hebrew press” that would “print the Talmud and other Hebrew books for fifty years” began operating today of Krakow
1849 — (10th of Av, 5609) In Pest, Gabriel Südfeld, a Hebrew poet and his wife gave birth to Simon Maximilian Südfeld who gained fame as Max Nordau, the Zionist leader, physician, author, and social critic. He was a co-founder of the World Zionist Organization together with Theodor Herzl, and president or vice president of several Zionist congresses. Nordau died in Paris, France in 1923. In 1926 his remains were moved to Tel Aviv
1869 — (21 Av 5629) Andrey Sheptytsky was born — the future head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church from 1900 to 1944. He was the only representative of the church in Europe who wrote a letter to the Pope and personally to Himmler, protesting against the genocide of Jews. He died on November 1, 1944
1895 — (8th of Av, 5655) Joseph Derenbourg, Orientalist, died
1898 — Isidor Isaac Rabi was born — an American physicist and Nobel Prize winner in Physics in 1944. He died in 1988.
1905 — Stanley Kunitz was born — an American poet. He died on May 14, 2006. an American poet. He died on May 14, 2006
1948 — (22th Tammuz, 5708) In Nahalal, Israel “Jerusalem poet Yitzhak Shalev” and his wife gave birth to award winning author Meir Shalev
1979 — (5th of Av, 5739) Herbert Marcuse leftist German born, American philosopher passed away. Marcuse influenced a whole generation of leftists, radicals and anarchists including Angela Davis and Abbe Hoffman