History events
1713 — (20 Kislev 5474) The Jews of the Margraviate of Baden gathered at the house of Emmanuel Reitlinger in Durlach and elected Rabbi Isaac Solomon Kaan and wardens: the court Jew Model in Pforzheim and Reitlinger in Durlach (also two assistants). Rabbi Kaan submitted a petition to the Margrave: 1) for permission to place under herem (excommunication) Jews who refused to pay a fine imposed by the rabbi; 2) for a prohibition on the Margrave’s judicial bodies accepting complaints from Jews against decisions of the rabbinical court, since Jewish law is not entirely in agreement with non-Jewish law (a complaint to another rabbi may be submitted only after paying him, Kaan, expenses and fees); 3) for the right to impose herem on Jews who did not appear before his court and did not live according to the precepts of Jewish law. The Margrave refused the second point of the petition, because the right of appeal to his courts belongs to all subjects
1798 — (19th of Kislev, 5559) Rabbi Shneur Zalman founder of Chabad Lubavitch was released from a St Petersburg jail. ….. He had been arrested on charges of high treason for allegedly sending money to the Czar’s enemy, the Sultan of Turkey. In reality he was sending money to Jews living in Eretz Israel which was part of Turkey at the time. Shneur Zalman is the author of two works Tanya and Likkute Torah which describe the philosophy of the Chabad movement. Chabad is an acronym for the Hebrew words Chokhmah (wisdom), Binah (understanding) and Da’at (Wisdom). Lubavitch is the name of the town in which the Descendants of Dov Baer, the Maggid of Mezhirech, Shneur Zalman’s “teacher” settled. In 1798, November 27 corresponded to the 19th day of Kislev. Ever since then Chabad Lubavitchers mark YUD-TET KISLEV (19th of Kislev) as a day of joy and celebration
1819 — (9st of Kislev, 5580) Leopold Zuns and Eduard Gans founded the Verein fuer Cultur und Wissenschaft der Juden, (The Society for Culture and Science of Judaism). It delved into Jewish history, culture and literature using scientific methods of criticism and assessment. The Society lasted less than five years. Gans and many others converted to Christianity
1836 — (18 Kislev 5597) A decree of the Russian government according to which all Jewish printing houses that published books for Jews were liquidated, with the exception of the printing houses in Kyiv and Vilna.
1845 — (27 Cheshvan 5606) In Russia, the printing of Jewish books was concentrated in only two printing houses, now Vilna and Zhytomyr, with the books being farmed out through the Ministry of Public Education at public auction to trustworthy Jews. This farming-out led to an extreme rise in the price of Jewish books.
1861 — (24 Kislev 5622) In Russia, Jews holding an academic degree were given the right to enter service in Russian state institutions.
1878 — (1 Kislev 5639) This day was described by the first settlers of Petah Tikva in a memorial book: «On the first day of the month of Kislev 5639 (November 1878) they found water.»
1905 — (29 Cheshvan 5666) In the Russian capital, Petersburg, the newspaper of the Union of the Russian People, «Russkoye Znamya,» began publication. «Here is what the newspaper ‘Russkoye Znamya’ wrote before the trial in the Beilis Case in issue 177 for 1913: ‘The government is obliged to recognize the Jews as a people as dangerous to the life of mankind as wolves, scorpions, vipers, poisonous spiders, and other creatures subject to destruction for their predation in relation to people and whose annihilation is encouraged by law… The Yids must be artificially placed in such conditions that they constantly die out: this is now the duty of the government and the best people of the country.'»
1914 — (9 Kislev 5675) The Joint was founded — the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee.
1923 — (19 Kislev 5684) In Lutsk, a trial of Zionists began
1933 — (9st of Kislev, 5694) A transfer company was established today in Tel Aviv to facilitate the immigration of German Jews along with whatever property they are able to bring with them
1937 — (23 Kislev 5698) Shoah. The German Ministry of Economics issued a secret instruction ordering a reduction in the provision of currency for export purchases and a cut in energy supplies to companies headed by Jews or with a certain number of Jews among their employees.
1941 — (7 Kislev 5702) Shoah. 207 Jews were shot in Nova Chortoriya (Zhytomyr region).
1942 — (18 Kislev 5703) Shoah. From Buchach (Ternopil region), 1,600 Jews were deported to Belzec and 740 were killed on the spot.
1956 — (23 Kislev 5717) The Knesset passed the «Pork Law.» Under it, municipalities received greater freedom in matters of issuing permits for the sale of pork and the raising of pigs. Immediately after the law came into force, the Tel Aviv municipality banned the raising of pigs and the sale of pork within the city.
1967 — (24 Cheshvan 5728) French President de Gaulle gave a press conference at which he called Jews an «elitist, self-assured, and arrogant people.» This was the first official statement after World War II by the head of a Western state criticizing Jews as such and transferring the antisemitic stereotype of the Jew onto the State of Israel — «aggressiveness» and «arrogance» were attributed to the state as a manifestation of typical traits of the Jewish character
1969 — (17th of Kislev, 5730) In Athens, one Greek child was killed and 13 others were wounded when two Jordanian terrorists attacked the El Al offices with hand grenades
1984 — (3 Kislev 5745) New money in Israel: a 10,000-shekel banknote featuring G. Meir entered circulation.
2006 — (6 Kislev 5767) Israel. The government decided to allocate 400 million shekels for the development of the Negev
2001 — (12th of Kislev, 5762) ….. Etty Fahima, 45, of Netzer Hazani was killed three others were injured when a Palestinian terrorist threw grenades and opened fire at a convoy on the road between the Kissufim crossing and Gush Katif in the Gaza Strip on Tuesday evening; Noam Gozovsky, 23, of Moshav Ramat Zvi, and Michal Mor, 25, of Afula were killed when two Palestinian terrorists from the Jenin area opened fire with Kalashnikov assault rifles on a crowd of people near the central bus station in
2012 — (13st of Kislev, 5773) The National Library of Israel signed contract with Pri-Or to preserve its archive of more than one million images
2023 — (14 Kislev 5784) War with Gaza. Day fifty-two. Fourth day of the truce. 11 hostages were released. Two women, two girls, a young man, and six children from 3 to 12 years old. In response, three women and 30 men under the age of 19 serving sentences for attacks on Israelis left Israeli prisons. Nine of them are residents of Arab areas of Jerusalem, and the rest are presumably natives of Arab settlements in Judea and Samaria. It was announced that the truce would be extended by 2 days in order to release another 20 hostages.
2024 — (26 Cheshvan 5785) The ceasefire with Hezbollah in Operation «Northern Arrows» came into force. According to its terms (according to media reports), residents of the Lebanese and Israeli border areas return home, control over South Lebanon is taken over by the Lebanese army, and the production, sale, and import of weapons into the country will be under the control of the Lebanese government. Weapons-production capacities not under government control will be eliminated, the infrastructure of militants in southern Lebanon will be destroyed, and within a week the IDF will withdraw from Lebanon, but if the truce is violated it has the right to respond. UN Security Council Resolution No. 1701 was also mentioned, implying that no armed forces except «UN peacekeepers» and the Lebanese army will be south of the Litani River
People
1198 — (26st of Kislev, 4959) Abraham ben David of Posquières (RaBaD III.), French Talmudic commentator, died
1688 — (14th of Kislev, 5449) Rabbi Elijah Kovo of Salonika, author of Aderet Eliyahu, passed away
1804 — (24st of Kislev, 5565) Sir Julius Benedict, English composer, born
1815 — (24th of Cheshvan, 5576) Birthdate of Simon Hock, the Prague born businessman who created a history of the Jews of Bohemia
1857 — (10 Kislev 5618) Decree of Alexander II awarding doctors Rosen, Margulis, Shorshtein, Bertenzon, Drey, and Pinsker with the Order of St. Stanislaus, Third Degree, for participation in the Crimean War.
1870 — (3 Kislev 5631) Born S. Ben-Zion — writer and journalist. He wrote in Hebrew and Yiddish. Died June 2, 1932.
1874 — (18st of Kislev, 5635) In Motal, Belarus, timber merchant Ozier Weizmann and Rachel Czemerinsky gave birth to Zionist leader and Israel’s first President Chaim Weizmann
1881 — (5 Kislev 5642) Born Vera Weizmann — physician and figure in the Zionist movement, wife of the first President of Israel, Chaim Weizmann. Died September 24, 1966.
1897 — (2 Kislev 5658) Born Simcha Blass — Israeli hydraulic engineer, originator of the idea of drip irrigation. Died July 18, 1982
1925 — (10 Kislev 5686) Born Claude Lanzmann — journalist, documentary film director, author of the famous documentary film about the Holocaust, «Shoah.» Died July 5, 2018, in Nice
2012 — (13 Kislev 5773) In Berlin, relatives of Wehrmacht officer Gerhard Kurtzbach received the «Righteous Among the Nations» medal from representatives of the Israeli government and the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial center